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REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 75 
Stations. 1885, | 1886, oe 
| Inches. Inches. Inches. 
a te aR RS © bli EE ee ae aos ne? ee i ee Le co eee 31.99 37. 98 26.75 
ST iie AR we AS SEE RE TE a? oe ECS aN | 44.37 | 26.771. 29.13 
See ge OS Me SIN. wee OY ONE LPT A ee oe | 38.61) 31.69) 25.15 
Lop edad RPO ES om gt MS Secs Rare ae ee 2 Oe ee | 30.70 | 22.49 17:37 
“ech chee By 5, he ae PAS MR as Rg 2S A A tree | 32.58} 31.46] 30.46 
Minnesota : | 
“DUD Roe cel dal gee Sei tj Set SAO ee eee eee ane 19.96 | 33.37 | 26.56 
Sl hgS (ert. RAGA Ree et oie ear eee Pe Pe Pe A EE er eae ae ee } 2268 | 26.76) 21.97 
Spat TET HP SEES See ie gah SSR ae OO ns en ee Oe oe eae | 25.33 | 22.89 25. 85 
SePaNOIEAN WS CIURATEA IS ee ote Se ee ee et ie eas Sw Aa sine ae 5 bin es Sram ines = 16.58 | 15.04 18.47 
Missouri : i } 
Teh Tha es Aes ae bn Bas 2 Bi SE i Ee Se pny SINE OE Pe ae 147.05 33.48 | 35.7 
rere Bieri Faas ee es ee Pe ae sa ean eros donks eno Is = 2a Foak Poke iderd wee Me oe | 45.59 | 44.34) 35.30 
Kansas: } 
np LIST Te (kee Bee oo Bek oS foe She OCP SOONER See  ee ae Sone Meme ens | 217.11 28. 24 25.26 
Wyagwee Orbyy oo. 2: fa - 95-955 - 0 em eve Sedna en oe 23.71 | 19.35 15.80 
PRR PROIAR TANI Sore ne ean ena oA 2 wim Siek<'p od CO Wate oe nete Sa dean Sass 43.64 | 22.3 37.05 
1'Ten months’ record. 2 Hight months’ record. 
REMEDIES AND PREVENTIVES. 
The remedies and preventives recommended as late as the publica- 
tion of Professor Riley’s Seventh Rept. Ins. Mo., and there consid- 
ered by him, are as follows: Irrigation, burning, trapping, tramp- 
ling, rolling, manuring, early sowing, mixing seed or protecting one 
plant by another, preventing the migration from one field to another 
by upright boards or by plowed furrows or ditches, abstaining from 
cultivation of grains upon which the insect feeds. These remedies 
were also treated in detail by Dr. Thomas in Bulletin 5 of the Com- 
mission. Since this although many changes have been rung in the 
agricultural newspapers on these remedies, very few entirely new 
ideas have beenadvanced. Wemay mention more particularly, before 
taking up a more detailed consideration of this question, the success- 
ful adoption of the kerosene emulsion for application at the time of 
migration or immediately afterwards. 
PREVENTIONS.—Clean Cultivation.—With no insect more than the 
Chinch Bug is there greater necessity for clean cultivation. We 
have shown already that the insect hibernates under rubbish of all 
kinds, and that the grass and weeds growing in the fence corners and 
the leaves which accumulate there are admirable places for these in- 
sects to collect and winter. Where corn-stalks are left in the fields, 
and where rubbish of any kind is allowed to accumulate, there the 
bugs will surely be found. Therefore the more thoroughly a field 
is cleaned up in the fall, the more carefully the fence corners are 
weeded out, and the more the bare soil is turned under, the fewer 
will be the chances for successful hibernation. 
Diversified Farming.—Ilt follows from what we have said congern- 
ing food-plants of this insect and the crops most attacked that, from 
the Chinch-bug standpoint alone, to say nothing of its other advan- 
tages, the more diversified the system of crops the better chance 
there will be for preventing it. A farmer who plants only Winter 
Wheat, Corn, and small vegetable patches, as is the practice in so 
many parts of the West, will always be liable to lose a large share, 
if not all, of his expected remuneration from the attacks of this in- 
sect. ‘‘ Diversified farming with wheat mainly left out” is the edi- 
torial recommendation of the Prairie Farmer (September 17, 1887), 
and is certainly an exemplification of condensed wisdom. 
