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Te Se REPORT OF |THE ENTOMOLOGIST, 9.) 0 + 81 
an Eh ‘ j 5 — : ‘ 
i Professor ‘Forbes’ first experiments were published in Bulletin No. 
. solutions were used in these experiments: 
Solutions with which dilutions were made.—(1) Soap-suds, 1 pound 
* soap to 10 gallons water; (2) soap-suds,1 pound soap to 20 gallons 
water; (3) potash, 1 pound to 50 gallons water.” 
“Soe 
a Emulsions as diluted. 
Be i cent. 
te of kerosene. 
= A. 2 parts kerosene, 1 part milk, 45 parts water.............. 0. cece tee eens 4 
B. 1 part kerosene, 1 part milk, 18 parts water... ............ cc eee ce eee eeees 5 
- ©, 1 part kerosene, 1 part milk, 18 parts solution 1.......................0008. 5 
D. 1 part kerosene, 1 part milk, 38 parts solution 2.................0. eee eee eee 24 
7 KE. 1 part kerosene, 1 part milk, 38 parts water................... es eee oe ae 24 
', -F. 1 part kerosene, 1 part milk, 38 parts solution 3............. 0.00. e eee eee Qt 
_. G. 1 part kerosene, 1 part milk, 30 parts solution 2.......4... 60 cece cee ee ees 3 
All of these were efficacious. Fortunately, at the time when such 
_~ application is to be made, viz, just after wheat harvest, help is abund- 
ant and the work can be done at a reasonable expense. Experi- 
ments made by Professor Forbes show that a simple mechanical 
mixture of 1 part of kerosene to 3 of water will kill the bugs and 
not injure half-grown corn, if it is kept constantly adjected. But 
the original soap emulsion, recommended so often in the reports of 
- this Department, and made according to the formula originally pro- 
posed by Mr. Hubbard, will be much safer and will do thorough 
work. it will do no harm to repeat this formula: 
IIE Shoe OL. ce a he ca Malde de snye se 4cash <h 2 gallons = 67 per cent. 
=», Common/soap or whale-oil soap ........6. 2.66 cs cee ee eee 4 pound } 
ION eiedig co eeih's wni Sinl a elds cw palee asa a Ss a ote RM 3 1 gallon 
Heat the solution of soap and add it boiling hot to the kerosene. 
Churn the mixture by means of a force-pump and spray-nozzle for 
_ five or ten minutes. The emulsion, if perfect, forms a cream which 
~ thickens on cooling, and: should adhere without oiliness to the sur- 
face of glass. Dilute before using 1 part of the emulsion with 9 
parts of cold water. The above formula gives 3 gallons of emulsion 
- and makes, when diluted, 30 gallons of wash. 
We realize the objections to recommending anything complicated 
in the way of a mixture and of apparatus for applying it, and in 
consequence we may state, as showing that an ingenious individual 
== 33 per cent. 
who is in earnest need not be hindered by lack of a proper appara- - 
- tus for applying this mixture, the experience of Major R. S. Tucker, 
of Raleigh, N. C., as published in the News and Observer and ina 
special bulletin of the State department of agriculture, Raleigh, 
June 29, 1887. His letter stated, in brief, that, having tried a num- 
|. ber of remedies, he learned of the kerosene emulsion at a time when 
the pest was most abundant upon the outer rows of corn ; not hav- 
ing any force-pump or spray-nozzle with which to churn the emul- 
sion he whipped the mixture in a large receptacle with a bunch of 
twigs for ten or fifteen minutes and then applied it to his outer 
rows of corn with a common water-sprinkler. The results were ad- 
mirable, and certainly he deserved success for his trial. 
Another practical test was made by Professor Atkinson, and re- 
ported upon in the bulletin just mentioned, as follows: 
Mr. William F. Stroud, of Chapel Hill, had a field of Wheat which was infested 
with the Chinch Bugs. When the Wheat was harvested they immediately betook 
eee AG 87-6 
2 of this Division (February, 1883), pages 23 to 25. The following | 
