102 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE. 
The others it was thought must have transformed under clods of 
earth, as there was no loose bark on the trees and no rubbish on the 
ground. Undoubtedly many, if not the majority, of those not found 
in the bands perished without transforming. Moreover, inasmuch 
as one worm often injures two adjoining apples or pears, the number 
of infested fruit is not necessarily indicative of the number of worms, 
although as occasionally more than one worm is found ina single 
apple, it is reasonably safe to assume that it is indicative, From 
what we know of the habits of the insect it seems that the latter 
happens less often than the former. Better results would also have 
doubtless been obtained had two bands been applied, one a foot or 
two from the ground and one near the crotch. However, just as it 
stands, 44 per cent. killed is a good showing, and as Mr. Wickson 
well says, ‘‘ the destruction of this proportion of fully fed and healthy 
larvee must be considered very satisfactory,” and ‘‘it will be seen 
that the old method of treatment is still one of the most effective 
that can be employed.” 
The very thorough endeavors made by Dr. S$. F, Chapin in, Cali- 
fornia in 1882 are also interesting and deserve mention here. His 
results were admirable, but were only accomplished by the most care- 
ful and painstaking labor, Three methods were adopted. After July 
10 he commenced a systematic examination of all fruit upon the apple 
and pear trees by means of a ladder, and every apple or pear found 
infested was picked and reserved for examination and destruction. 
Bands were placed upon 800 trees, anu these were examined closely 
every week, and all larve found were counted and destroyed. All 
fallen fruit was immediately gathered and examined, and afterwards 
destroyed. So carefully was this done that at picking time the men 
were only able to discover about 200 infested fruit. His table is in- 
teresting on many accounts, and is reproduced: 
1 i] 
Infested fruit 
Date. 
bands. 
picked from 
trees. 
on ground, 
at gathering. 
in fruit from 
trees. 
on ground, 
at gathering. 
infested fruit 
and exaimina- 
tion of bands. 
Larve found 
Larvee in fruit 
Larvee foundin 
Oost of picking 
Infested fruit 
Infested fruit 
Larve in fruit 
1882. | 
nh AER ec Sah sStcnanareapacc s 
CTA i he Lees 5 elem ret Aes se 
co 
a 
ss 
AVES CE. SOY a. Gone jeneuse ce 
September Bs Bans 6st oa.8 
September 45, 16.24 2.5.0.22-. 4. 
September 24 oo... .cis0 ieee escaanie 
September’ 26, 27.0.5 bec. tos oes 
Sephamiber 90 : 05.05... see cee 
CO Fei 22) at cp FR i ate eee 
BO CEOBO NARS caer alee ote cect 
OGtehers2e. . 22)... Seeks 2s vas veke 
Sembember 4 sis tec. ao tetera 
September @ .. 22... 2.2662. eee 
Hepbember lh ......sc2.. ccs ean 
September 19 .. 
September 26, 2 
Metoher 10... )5....52.).- 
\Oreito1 Teicha Be aie oie : 
September 13 ............5.....- 
Gletqnen 20) 8-2 sc acts ee rant | 
SSSSSssssss 
leri=r} 
coo 
28g 
Tofal infested fruit discovered, 3,059 ; total found, 3,639; total cost, $36. 90. 
