REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGIST. Pad 
Spraying apparatus used was the Little Gem, manufactured by A, H. Nixon, 
Dayton, Ohio. Have had but litle expericuce with atomizers, but think this one 
is very satisfactory. Eighteen apple trees were selected for the experiments. The 
trees are twenty years old, have borne for several years, and but few perfect spec- 
imens have ever been produced. The trees are vigorous, having a spread of 30 
feet. Varieties are Baldwin, King of Tompkins County, and Talman. 
On the 22d of May the first application was made. This was exactly one week 
from full bloom. The Baldwins were one-fourth inch in diameter. 
The proportion of green and purple had been previously carefully weighed, so 
that I could mix them in the following strengths : 1 pound to 100 gallons, 1 pound 
to 75 gallons, and 1 pound to 50 gallons. 
The tank and pump were placed on a wheelbarrow for convenience in moving. 
Ten feet of hose was used. The nozzle end was tied to the end of a pole for the pur- 
pose of carrying it into and over the trees. Father managed the hose while I worked 
the pump. It took about 24 gallons per tree and about five minutes to apply it. 
The day was clear and a light breeze served to carry the mist through the trees. 
It settled on apples and leaves like a heavy dew. The following plot of trees will 
show the detail of the experiment : 
\ 
Paris green. London purple. 
Variety. F 
| First row. | Proportion. |Secondrow.) Proportion. 
[hs AACS SRS a a en ee | x1 x2 x3 | 11b:to100gals..| x x x | iJb. to 100 gals. 
Thc cg BN SSS SRE See a eae aan x4 x5 x6/1Ib. to 75 gals..!) x x x | 11b. to 75 gals. 
PIELTAREADA Sey PET ys Wig aki so Ose san as sae aes | x¥ x8 x9! lb. to 50 gals..) x x x | 1b. to 50 gals. 
ise 
ot the 24th two more; one was quite heavy. These showers coming so soon after 
spraying made me fear they had washed out the poisons. On the 25th I found 
little mites of maggots, from one to three ineach calyx. After this they seemed to 
grow less, untilscarcely any could be found on the 4th of June. One tree was not’ 
sprayed and one only the first time. These are not included in the eighteen. 
Tree not treated dropped all of its fruit, and I did not find one apple but what 
was wormy. The tree sprayed only once had a fair share of perfect fruit, but not 
as much as those receiving two doses. 
The fruit from the eighteen trees, as near as we could judge, was about alike. 
Trees 1, 2, 3, receiving the weakest application, had as large a proportion of fair 
apples as 7, 8, 9, which received the strongest. No difference could be distinguished 
between the amount of fair fruit on the Paris-green row and that on the London- 
purple row. About three-quarters of the apples were free from worms. 
The practicai result of the spraying is about as follows: 
40 bushels marketable apples, at 80 cents... 0.1.00. .0... cba e eee c ence eee daee $82. 00 
Peles ea NGNOIT AP PMGAUOU (3 Meise slot wis Win wie Mewes ev We ois 50 8 he sees Ue onties 4.00 
28. 00 
Probable result if not sprayed, 40 bushels cider apples, at 15 cents........ 6. 00 
noes E. H. CUSHMAN 
Mr. W. B. ALWoop, 
Special Agent, Division of Entomology. 
It is only recently that the arsenical poisons have been seriously con- 
sidered in California, but during the summer of 1887 a number of ex- 
periments were made at Berkeley by Messrs. Wickson and Klee,and the 
results, as summarized in tabular formin Bulletin No. 78 of the Agri- 
cultural Experiment Station, University of California, we give below. 
It will be noticed that very weak solutions of Paris green were 
used, the strongest being more than twice as weak as the solution 
used by Professor Forbes. The gain of 71 per cent. in sound apples, 
however, with no apparent damage to the foliage, must be considered 
as quite satisfactory, although all of the experiments were made 
upon too small a scale to furnish a basis for reliable deductions. A 
