’ 
114. REPORT OF THE COMINSSIONER OF AGRICULTURE, 
: ' 
Paris green for the Canker-worm in 1875, and at the advice of John 
Smith, of Des Moines, who had tried it previously, he experimented 
successfully with white arsenic in 1876. 
It was probably this application, eee to his 1883 statement, 
which put him on the track of the efficacy of the arsenical mixture 
for thé Codling Moth, but we have no contemporaneous printed 
evidence that he made this inference, though there is correspondence 
with Professor Riley that may throw light upon the matter when 
fully studied. 
It may be gathered from what precedes that as yet the use of 
arsenical mixtures for the Codling Moth is in its infancy. In lim- 
ited localities practical apple-growers are taking it up, and particu- 
larly during the season of 1887 we have seen communications in 
the agricultural and horticultural journals giving accounts of suc- 
cessful trials. These, however, have been almost entirely in New 
York, Ohio, Michigan, and Illinois. It has been proven to be the 
best remedy yet known, but further experiments are still needed to 
ascertain the best modifications of proportions according to climate, 
condition of weather, and time of day. 
Apparatus for applying the arsenical Mixtures.—The question of 
a suitable apparatus for spraying one’s fruit trees is an important 
one, but is not difficult of solution. Good results can be obtained 
with the simplest apparatus. Professor Riley, in his different pub- 
lications, has repeatedly described pumps and appliances which will 
answer this purpose admirably. It is not a difficult matter to mount 
a strong double-acting force-pump firmly upon a tight barrel, to 
mount the latter upon a sled or cart, to attach the rubber hose to an 
extension pole, and to fasten a nozzleat tip; and yet, having done this, 
a scanieeable apparatus is complete, idl at small cost beyond the 
price of the pump. Such an apparatus was described in its minutest 
etails and figured in all its parts in the report of the Entomologist, 
annual report of this Department for 1881~82, again in the report 
for 1883, and again in Bulletin No. 10 of the Division of Entomology. 
In the fourth report of the U. 8. Entomological Commission a large 
series of pumps available for this purpose is figured and described. 
The subject of nozzles is there taken up, as also in the other publica- 
tions just mentioned. A very complete, if somewhat cumbersome, 
apparatus is figured at Plate V, Rep. Ent. U. 8. Dept. Agr. for 1886. 
It is one which is in use in California for spraying orange orchards 
for the Fluted or Cottony Cushion-scale. Its special features are its 
large size, the pump supplying two extension poles, the hose-reel, and 
the portable ladders. 
_ Several pumps, with all accessory apparatus adapted for Just this 
kind of work, have recently been placed on the market. Messrs. 
Woodin & Little, of 509 Market street, San Francisco, have mounted 
a strong double-acting pump with air chamber and brass valves, 
manufactured in New York by the Goulds, upon a 30-gallon barrel, 
with sled, nozzles, bamboo extension pole, mixer, strainer, and hose,’ 
and sell the apparatus complete for from $30 to $35, according to the 
amount of hose needed. This outfit seems to be a good one, and it 
may be an economy for busy orcbardists within easy reach of San 
Francisco to purchase it. 
The second apparatus is that manufactured by A. H. Nixon, of 
Dayton, Ohio, and which is described on page 57 of Bulletin 10 of 
the Division of Entomology. It is made in three styles and sizes, 
varying in price from $15 to $55, 
