REPORT OF THE CHEMIST, 273 
peatedly removed from defecated juices, by varying percentages of 
the article furnished by your Department, referred in each series 
to standard samples prepared from the defecated juice dealt with by 
mere passage through filter paper. This paper filtration is a neces- 
sity, since suspended matter, lighter in color than the mother liquor, 
partly by preventing the transmission of light through this last 
and partly by itself reflecting light, gives invariably, in simply sub- 
sided juices, a tint too light bya number of degrees. The percentages 
of color removed were uniformly measured by the relative length of 
columns made to give the same tint as the untreated standard when 
contained in tubes of like glass, of caliber such as to avoid a decided 
meniscus, and with light of equal intensities transmitted from below 
in lines parallel to the columns’ longitudinal axes. 
~ : 
ne 
Lignite, per Tenckge |B i 
cent. on sth o er cent, 
weight of columns, color 
i ae mm. removed. 
Unfiltered BO PEFR eee 
5 28 64 
10 26 7 
15 50 80 
20 64 84 
30 92 89 
40 100 
50 112 91 
In the foregoing the juices were treated nearly to neutrality with 
lime alone. With sulphurous and phosphoric acids, acid albumen, 
acid sulphite of alumina, or even a decidedly acid lime defecation, the 
percents removed were, of course, reduced, there being a less intense 
pe ery tint. No other lignite gave such high effects as that fur- 
nished by your Department. This will be seen from the accompany- 
ing approximations, obtained with from 22.5 per cent. to 25 per cent. 
of lignite on the weight of sucrose filtered, expressed in maxima and 
minima to the nearest 10, sulphur fumes having been used on the 
juices, the sirups not having been treated with coal prior to concen- 
tration: 
? 
| iis Per cent. color removed. 
Lignite, where obtained. 
Sirup. 
Maxima, | Minima. | Maxima. } Minima. 
fSangerhausen Machine Works, Ger- 
RAINY ete eye ante eles 2 Ch Me kee 60 40 
United States Department of Agricult- 
ure, prepared by F. Kleemann, Ger- 
ling Fee Nabe te OE ROO ABOU aaa Eee Peat a 80 60 
Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station, 
TUMME AMT ATADAIMNG nh . ohne st toes weal: 70 | 50 
J.B. friedheim, Camden, Ark ......... 60 40 
B. F. Read & Co., Mineola, Tex ......... 60 40 
_The higher effect of your article is peas attributable, in con- 
siderable measure, to a more perfect pulverization than that secured 
AG 87 18 
