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--, SROTION OF VEGETABLE PATHOLOGY, RIT. 
. With this brief outline of the development and growth of the 
| *nowdery mildews” we may follow understandingly the life history 
- of the gooseberry mildew, Spherotheca mors-uvee, B. and C. 
(6) SHVERITY OF THE DISEASE, 
10 In order that no one may doubt the destructiveness of this mildew 
in the United States, the following statements are quoted from the 
leading standard authors upon fruit culture in this country. Mr. 
Downing, aiter stating that our gooseberries come from Northern 
Europe, our native species not having responded rapidly to the im- 
proved condition of garden culture, and that the moist, cool climate 
of itngland is the most perfectly adapted to the growth of the goose- 
berry, says:t 
Under our more clear and hot sun, however, the best varicties of the English 
sorts do not succeed, well, suffering from mildews of the fruit and foliage in nearly 
>, every locality. 
Patrick Barry{ says: 
Hh 
The gooseberry suffers seriously from the mildew, owing mainly to the heat of 
our summers. 
Bs J. J. Thomas, § under ‘‘ Mildew of the gooseberry,” writes: 
This is the most serious obstacle to successful culture of the foreign gooseberry in 
_. the United States. In the cool and moist climate of England it does not exist; in 
the extreme northern parts of the Union it is not formidable, but on approaching 
the Middle States, although the bushes grow vigorously and set abundant crops of 
youns fruit, the latter becomes covered with a thick brown or gray mildew or _ 
i; scurf which destroys their value. é 
A. 8S. Fuller | writes of mildew: 
Tiis is the one great enemy of the gooseberry in the United States. It not only 
- attacks the fruit, but often extends over the whole plant, effectually checking its 
_ growth. So prevalent has this become that the foreign varieties are almost univer- 
sally discarded, as there are few localities where they will succeed. 
BH. P. Roe says of the gooseberry: 
This native of Northern Europe and the forests of the British Islands has been 
developed into superb varieties which have been famous so long in England, but 
which we are able to grow with only partial success. It remembers its birthplace 
even more strongly than the currant, and the almost invariable mildew of our 
gardens is the sign of its homesickness. 
Similar extracts might be multiplied, but those given clearly indi- 
cate the severity of the gooseberry mildew as found in this country. 
It not only flourishes upon our garden varieties of foreign extraction, 
but attacks many of our own wild species of the genus Ribes. The 
*This ‘‘ third form of spore, borne in large numbers within pear-shaped sacs” 
which are attached to the same mycelium as the conidia and perithecia, have been 
found in a number of species of Erysiphece. From their position and seemingly 
evident analogy to certain sexual reproductive bodies in allied groups of fungi 
they have been regarded as the pycnidia, and the spores which they contain the sty- 
lospores of the fungus. De Bary has pointed out, however, that these bodies, in- 
_ stead of being reproductive organs of the Erysiphe, are in reality the fructifica- 
r tion of a fungus which is parasitic upon it.—F. L. 8. 
f- + Fruit and Fruit Trees of America, page 499. 
} Barry’s Fruit Garden, page 477. 
American Fruit Culturist, page 162. 
y The Small Fruit Culturist, page 227. 
.,. ¥] Success with Small Fruits, page 226. 
