REPORT OF THE STATISTICIAN. 597 
opened firm at 5 pence per bushel for carrying grain from New York 
to Liverpool, but gradually declined to May 1, when the rate was 
reported at it pence; June 1, 2 pence; July, 24 pence; August, 3 
pence ; September and October 1, 2 pence ; November, 33 pence, and 
December, 3 pence. The true average rate for the year has not been 
ascertained, but the straight average according to the returns upon 
the first day of each month is 2.71 pence. These are steamer rates. 
As to sailing-vessel rates the following is from a letter received 
from J.-C. Brown, esq., statistician New York Produce Exchange, 
which shows that this business, once so large and profitable, has 
dwindled to practically nothing. He says: 
Thave consulted a number of the most prominent and best-informed freight agents 
here, who unanimously say that there is no buSiness of the kind done between the 
ports you name in wheat or corn, practically all being done by regular steam liners, 
or by charter (steam) ‘‘ Cork for orders.” A thorough search of records from the be- 
ginning of 1881 discloses only 17 sailers carrying wheat or corn to Liverpool (these 
only as part cargo), of which 10 sailed early in 1881, leaving but 7 within the period 
you name. The 10 in 1881 followed the noted ‘‘ Lyons corner.” Of the 7 within the 
eriod you name, 1 in 1882 (and the only one that year) carried corn as through 
‘reight from the West, and of the remaining 6, 3 in 1885 were taken at the time of 
the **‘ war scare,” and the securing of cheaper storage after arrival than if sent by 
steam undoubtedly was a factor in their being taken. The majority of these ves- 
sels are what you might term mere fugitives, belonging elsewhere, here by accident 
or chance, and taking grain as part cargo for weight to aid them in getting back 
where they belonged or had to go. Wheat by sail, New York to Liverpool, isa thing 
of the past. 
Average cost per bushel for transporting wheat from New York to Liverpool, from 
1865 to 1887, inclusive. 
[Norr.—Pence reduced to cents at 2 cents per penny.] 
r Sailing-vessel Sailing-vessel 
Years. Steamer rates. | Tae Years. Steamer rates. rates. 
{ 
| ] | 
| Pence. | Cents. | Pence.| Cents. | Pence. | Cents. | Pence. | Cents. 
Pee ete oe ae. 2 OARS | Sas Nec tere WMdRiiiscsccs Lest 6.93 | 13.86 6.7 13.52 
OM eccgate: aca La Dots: | 310,86 | 25-6 ones oceans WAS CS a2 watvac jee es 7.61 | 15.22 7.09 14,18 
1 ee ens Ws LESS So ce aseclese coe ee NOVO Ser acne Bacon 6.2 12.4 5.9 11.8 
NOOO cn 2 sis o% ds 6.4 aOR oto be esa res bec ence 1880... 86515. Sse 5.88 5 fai 5.1 10.2 
They) Sh ee Gis) MUIR UM Ge sere) oe se oe a! DOB 1 e ssansc nee 4.08 8.16 4.75 9.5 
Lie (Ss ee a eae HeLor| PLO OS |ooeccacsles. cee MOBS ean dectes 3. 87 UAL ene Sa eee Sea 5 
BBMec ace vide << cos8 Lic 2 ar Po hl [eR Pe LBBB oo caked asec 4.54 9.08 6.25 12.5 
cae HOPES} 62157810 (991 || 10 Re ABBE ok ee 3.4 | 6.8 5 10 
tipo es 9.08] 18.16| ‘7.83 | 15.66 || 1885............. Gy itn eae leas = Mee er 
yt ee 8.07} 16.14| 7.12) 14:24 |] 1986 2 ..222222277 edie Atos Le tee eee 
WAS iy. oars cc lee ss 8.02 | 16.04 7. 64 | 15.28) SS tisser oe aroceiat 2. 7. bor Bae Sar] peer te ae 
Average monthly prices paid for carrying grain from New York to Liverpool during 
the years 1884, 1885, 1886, and 1887. 
I 
Months. 1884. 1885. 1888. 1887. 
Pence. | Cents. | Pence. | Cents. | Pence. | Cents. | Pence. | Cents. 
January... 33) 3 UGE aoe 2. 35 4.70 a lento Bx fis) ee 5 10 
IRANI. <5 ccs ae Peet er ee 2. 24 4, 48 4.5 9 2.5 5 3.5 7 
1 OI, Se an 1.56] 3.12| 3 Shai 7am Vil 6 
Babes 0... 72. eo Re! Ro 177 | 354] 4 8 SB) I oe 1.5 3 
BOER t es Soi). : nh bits ee OS SC | 1.25 2.5 3.5 7 4 8 1.5 3 
JTS en GR ea... eel Sareea 3.08 6.16 3 6 4.5 9 2 4 
SHS SS ee ed a ge 4.71 9.42 2.76 5.5 3 6 2.5 5 
AULD) ORES Spee eo <2 Se eee 4. 68 9. 36 3 6 2 4 3 6 
Beavemper <a: . aeRtee cee tere. 3 6 3.5 7 3 6 2 4 
October rid (opeiusveg sla: ys ea ee aero 4 8 . 4 8 4 8 2 4 
INONEROD ERY. /-..\./. 5. a cepemese ernie s 5.7 11.58 4 8 4.25 8.5 3.5 7 
PAGE ber ss .'1.% 02mm oer aes 6.37 | 12.74 3 6 4.5 9 3 6 
| 
a A ee se eee 
