REPORT OF THE POMOLOGIST. 647 | 
kind of pog-land in the right climate, and has the necessary money, 
skill, and thought to devote to its culture. 
Cape Cod, Mass., is perhaps the Mecca of the cranberry-grower. 
But there are good bogs in other of the New England States, and in 
New Jersey, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and, I think, in por- 
tions of northern Oregon and Washington Territory also. The bogs 
of Alaska may prove to be of much value in this line, as the berry is 
reported to me as growing there in a wild state, and bearing well. 
One thing we ought to develop, is the foreign trade in fresh cran- 
berries and in the manufactured sauce. This belongs to the com- 
mercial tradesman, but the whole subject ought to be investigated 
and assistance rendered by our General Government wherever possi- 
ble. This would add something to our export trade, and build up 
an industry remunerative to our people and harmful to no one. 
Many varieties have been selected from the wild bogs, and are now 
cultivated and sold as are the plants of other fruits. 
PROPAGATING NUT TREES, 
The art of budding and grafting nut trees as practiced by nearly 
all persons is attended with many failures. Even in the hands of 
the most intelligent and skillful, it is no easy task. Just why this is 
so neither the scientist nor the practical operator may be able to 
say, but the fact remains a hindrance to those who wish to propagate 
the choice varieties of nuts, which isthe only sure way to perpetuate 
the character of the fruit. 
One plan which is found to work by some persons in the hickory, 
pecan, and some species of the walnut (Juglans) is what is called 
ring-budding. It is done in June when the bark ‘“‘runs” or peels 
easily. Take cions from the size of a lead pencil to half an inch or 
more in diameter, with good healthy but dormant buds. From this 
cion take off aring of bark from 1 to 2 inches long, including a strong, 
well-developed bud, using great care to in no wise bruise or even 
touch its inside surface. The branch or little seedling to be operated 
upon should be as near the same size of the cion as possible. Cut it 
back tu a stump, and from this take out a ring of bark of exactly 
the same length as the one to beinserted. The ring from the cionis 
carefully split and placed on the stock, being sure that the split 
edges and the upper and lower ends join exactly. Todo this and make 
the bark and wood fit closely, it may be necessary to take off a small 
strip of the bark from the edge of the ring. The greatest care must 
be used to have the work done neatly and quickly, lest the tender 
surfaces of the cambium are injured by rough handling or by long ex- 
posure to the air. Bind the whole securely with waxed cloth, leav- 
ing out the bud only. Some say to cover the whole, stump and all, 
with a paper sack until the union is perfected, tying it below the 
wound, Others think the cutting away of the top is not best until 
after the bud has ‘‘taken.” If the work is notdone in the best man- 
ner it will not be worth while to do it at all. 
Common cleft grafting is also practiced, and other methods of 
crafting, too, both on small stocks at the surface of the ground and 
top-working. E. B. Engle & Son, of Marietta, Pa., have usually 
racticed cleft grafting on the chestnut with success. They find 
ittle difference whether the cions are cut in fall or spring. They 
have been quite successful with cions cut in the grafting season and 
