\ 
1825.] 
he will tot be inclined readily to part with 
it. If made from the best wheat, the bread 
is not so brown as may be supposed. House- 
hold bread, when made of fine flour, is in 
some eases of indigestion too astringent. 
Dr. Majendie, of Paris, tried the experi- 
ment of feeding dogs upon white bread and 
water ; they all died within fifty days, while 
others, to whom he had given household 
bread, differing only from the white by re- 
taining a quantity of the bran, continued to 
thrive very well upon it; one of the dogs 
that died, had been put upon his usual 
nourishment between the 40th and 45th 
days, but nothing could save him from the 
fatal effects of white bread. 
Sir Humphrey Davy’s new method of 
coppering ships’ bottoms appears to have 
succeeded. The president of the Portsmouth 
Philosophical Society says, he has minutely 
examined -the Samarang since she came 
into dock, and asserts, on the authority of 
a naval gentleman experienced in- the sub- 
ject, as well as on his own, that no ship in 
his Majesty’s navy ever came home from 
a foreign station witha clearer copper, or 
in a clearer state of bottom; the accumula- 
tion of weeds ‘and shells was peculiarly 
small, and little else but a few of the 
minutest limpets had became attached in 
the space of several months. 
A person at Bolton, named Roberts, 
has contrived an apparatus consisting of a 
hood and mouth-piece, which enables the 
wearer to breathe with ease and safety in 
the densest vapour; the inventor proved 
its efficacy in the presence of a_ party 
assembled for the purpose, by entering the 
Stove-room of Messrs. Crook and Dean’s 
Foundry, Little Bolton, in which sulphur, 
&e. were burning. He remained shut in it 
for twenty minutes without injury, though a 
person without the apparatus would have 
died in two minutes. 
M. Paixham has invented a -mortar 
which throws bombs horizontally, exactly in 
the same manner as cannon discharge balls. 
This bomb-cannon, executed under the 
orders of the Marquis de Clermont Tonnerre, 
was lately proved at Brest; it answered 
every expectation, and carried as far as the 
largest ship guns. The effect produced was 
so powerfnl, that considerable changes ‘are 
immediately to be made in the Naval 
matériel. In consequence of this invention 
(says the Journal des Débats), large ships 
will no longer have the advantage of crush- 
ing smaller vessels without risk: a well 
directed discharge from one of these bombs 
may blow up or sink the largest ship. 
' Great Canal.—The new canal of Amster- 
dam, forming a communication from the 
ocean to that city, exceeds in: depth and 
dimensions any similar work in Great 
Britain ; a 44-gun frigate has already made 
the passage, and there is sufficient capacity 
for a ship even of 80 guns. 
Third University.—Vt has been proposed 
to form a University in the neighbourhood 
Literary and Miscellaneous Intelligence. 
275 
of York; the venerable Earl Fitzwilliam 
has, it is said, promised to contribute 
£50,000 towards its establishment. 
Weights and Measures—The new act 
for regulating these, which comes into ope- 
ration on the Ist of May, will create trouble 
at first to persons in trade, and be the 
subject of confusion with their customers. 
It will be important to persons concerned 
to be provided with the new legal weights 
and measures, as the penalties of former 
acts attach to the present. The variation 
in winle-measure is very considerable, the new 
gallon being about one-fifth iarger than the 
present ; the new bushel will also exceed 
the present by about one thirty-second part. 
Mr. M‘Culloch, of Edimburgh, com- 
menced on Monday 21st, at Willis’s 
Rooms, a Course of Lectures on Political 
Economy, in honour (so states the an- 
nouncement) of the Jate Mr. Ricardo. 
The lectures have been well attended, 
and will be continued every Monday and 
Thursday till the course is concluded. A 
similar course is delivered, on intermediate: 
days, at the London Tavern. . 
Mr. Barlow’s method of correcting the 
local affection of vessels on the needle 
has been adopted in the Russian Navy ; 
and his Majesty the Emperor Alexander 
has presented Mr. B., through his Ex- 
cellency Count Leyin, with a valuable gold 
watch and rich dress-chain, as a mark of 
the value which his Majesty sets on. the 
useful discovery. 
Covent GARDEN THEATRICAL FuND.— 
On Friday, 4th, at a. dinner mecting of 
between three and four hundred gentlemen 
(with his Royal Highness the Duke of York 
presiding), above £1,500 was collected. in 
aid of this meritorious charity. Mr. Faw- 
cett, in an able address, repelled some 
attack which had been made in a news- 
paper against it. The*enjoyments of the 
day were varied by vocal and instrumental 
music, aud the whole passsed off with great 
hilarity and éclat. ~ F ‘ 
The papers of the late H. Godwyn, esq., 
of Blackheath, containing, principally, the 
results of most laborious computations re- 
lative to interest, annuities, weights, and 
measures; the determination of powers 
and roots; and applicable to the rules of 
mensuration and the higher inquiries of 
mathematicians, — are deposited in the 
library of the British Museum. . 
A new Java island, lat. 15° 3)’ S:, and 
lon. 176° 11’ E., (by sun and moon, brought 
up by chronometer for four days previous), 
called Onacuse,.or Hunter’s Island, was 
discovered in July 1824, 
Santa Fé, but lately regarded as the 
American Ullima Thule, may now be con- 
sidered a stage only in the vast plain be- 
tween the Mississipi and the Rio del Norte. 
Russian Horses.—Vhe hardy natives of 
the country are small, liyely, and animated ; 
very shaggy, and generally of a brown 
colour. In the interior, they are mostly 
ON 2 unshod. 
