596 
for the common progress of the human 
race? We prevent its becoming civi- 
lized !—we shut it out from the lights 
of intelligence and morality !—we do 
not allow it to profit by the knowledge 
which, to the least and last of us, is 
laid open in the glorious expanse of 
liberty ! 
But, perhaps, to virtue and intellect, 
those first prerogatives of our species, 
the friends of the Turks prefer more 
solid advantages—such .as peace and 
riches. But, is it the peace of Greece 
that they would preserve, or restore ? 
Where the scimitar of the Mussulman 
reigns supreme —where a barbarous sol- 
diery conducts itself, as, for four hun- 
dred years, it has conducted itself, as the 
rapacious scourge of an enslaved people; 
where great, and once wealthy and popu- 
lous cities are reduced to amass of ruins, 
and ancient villages disappear — without 
new ones to replace them; where no- 
thing is repaired, nothing rebuilt, nothing 
planted, and nothing weeded — where 
population is wasted away to less than 
its twentieth part, and’ still continues 
to waste away, there is no peace. It is 
war, war, exterminating war, that’ con- 
stitutes, and has always constituted, 
and always would constitute, the settled 
order, the legitimate sway, of Turkish 
domination over its Grecian provinces : 
—War divested; indeed, of the heroism 
of its open daring, and of the gallantry 
of equal terms and equal hazard ;—war 
with all the base and dastardly charac- 
teristics of assassination ;—a war of 
armed and organized might against the 
naked and defenceless: but it is war 
still, in all its most deadly attributes 
and destructive consequences ; nor ever 
can there be peace for the Grecian race 
but in emancipation and independence. 
Certainly, we should ‘have thought, 
we calumniated even the partizans of 
the retrograde system, in supposing them 
to be interested in behalf of the Turks ; 
or that they could wish to. see reduced 
again, to the state of the slaves of a 
Turkish Government, those who have 
already half broken their chains; and yet 
the conduct of the great continental 
courts betrays but too much repugnance 
to the prospect of Grecian emancipa- 
tion. 
The cry of Europe, however, is unani- 
mous for the deliverance of Greece; 
though the greater part of those who 
dispose of its force and. its treasures 
refuse their aid. In only two coun- 
tries of Europe-—that which has the 
least liberty, and that which has the 
Retrospect of the last Twenty-five Yeas. 
most, have public journals ‘been- known 
to advocate the cause of the Turks. 
As for Beobachter (Der Asterreichische 
Beobachter, the Austrian Observer, pub- 
lished by Strauss at Vienna,)' his con- 
science is not his' own: we must not 
ask him for an account’ of ‘his: actions. 
In England, on the other hand, (though 
the reproach is far’ from general;) un- 
worthy sentiments and disgraceful pas- 
sions find their periodical and their diur- 
nal channels, But it could‘iot be other- 
wise. As there are men, here}/ as else- 
where, who desire neither liberty, vir- 
tue, nor knowledge, there’ must also 
be journalists who speak» for'them,— 
such as the New Times, and occasionally 
the Courier. As, in the mine, spiracles 
are formed to give passage to the mephi- 
tic exhalations, that’ the miner may 
pursue his thrift; so the'evil passions of 
these political mephites must have their 
vents; while wiser and more benignant 
agents pursue the vein, and work out the 
ore of truth. si) 
But the progress of civilization is not 
confined to Europe alone; all the uni- 
verse participates in the impulse; and 
in this quarter of a century the deve- 
lopment has been prodigious, 
BRITISH INDIA. 
With respect to India, where, as we 
have shewn in our preceding Supplement 
(M. M. vol. lviii, p. 608), 100,000,000 
of natives are kept in subjection by less 
than 45,000 British subjects (civil and 
military ineluded,) the causes that re- 
tard and counteract the Progressive Sys- 
tem are various and stubborn: but let 
us not hastily conclude that it is quite 
stationary, much less that even India 
retrogrades, 
The East-India Company, it is true, 
places itself, with its charter, as a bar- | 
rier between the English nation and this 
its anomalous dependency. It strictly 
prohibits the planting of English colo- 
nies; and still, though not as absolutely as 
heretofore, restricts all commerce to its 
own monopoly: and, by the prevention 
of all intercourse between Britain and 
this vast portion of what, neverthe- 
less, is called the British empire, but 
that which is carried on by its own 
agents and dependants (the subjects 
and vassals, removable and banish- 
able at the pleasure of this commer- 
cial oligarchy !) it at once precludes the 
English from all direct advantage from 
their, immense Asiatic possessions, and 
India» itselfifrom those advantages of 
science and illumivation, which it ought, 
at 
