PROCEEDINGS OF THE OHIO ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 397 



disposed of to Mr. Blackmore, and a great number of even more 

 interesting- types. There were pipes in the shape of ahnost 

 every annual known to the Indian, including a dog who was bay- 

 ing the moon with his tail turned up upon his back. There were 

 figures of owls in various attitudes with pearls set in their eye 

 sockets. Most of these were skilfully made from the pipe clay of 

 the vicinity, but there were some designs skilfully carved in hard 

 rocky material. Altogether the artistic work revealed a skill far 

 beyond that shown by any of the North American tribes of 

 Indians. This mound will hereafter be known as the "Tremper 

 Mound," after its owner, Senator Tremper. who graciously per- 

 mitted its exploration by our Socety. 



An interesting revelation of the fact that the mound builders 

 possessed the traits of human nature in general was made in 

 the disocvery by Dr. Mills, while excavating the Baum Mound, 

 of a great number of carefully selected pearls which had evi- 

 dently been fastened together upon a string. Mr. Kuntz, the 

 expert of the Tiffany firm in New York, estimated that these 

 would have a market value at the present time of $10,000 if 

 they were fresh and that it would probably require several gen- 

 erations of Indians to collect them from the mussels sparingly 

 found in the Ohio streams. But a still more striking discovery 

 was that the market for pearls was greater than the supply, and 

 that the deficiency was made up in part by counterfeiting the 

 genuine article. Clay was modelled into the shape of pearls 

 and hardened in the fire, when they were skilfully covered with 

 mica, rendered malleable by heat, whose lustre closely resembled 

 that of the genuine article. 



Thus in the extent of the mounds and the earthworks of 

 Ohio, (when taking into consideration that all the work of their 

 construction was done by most primitive methods) ; in the 

 symbolism appearing in the serpent mounds ; in the wide range 

 of commerce indicated by the objects collected in single mounds ; 

 in the vast amount of material that had been carried to distant 

 placps from the flint quarries ; in the rare skill shown in the 

 manufacture of their weapons ; and in the sculpture of their 

 ornaments ; and in their ingenuitv in the imitation of nature in 



