156 



the females moved to tlie north and west, another of the females to the north 

 and east, and the remaining female to the east. 



10 to 20 miles. — Twelve fish, or 22"6 per cent., migrated distances of from 12 

 to 18 miles, namely, 3 males (18'7 per cent.), with an average of 15'5 miles, and 

 8 females (22"8 per cent.), with an average of 14-4 miles. One of the males and 

 1 of the females went directly west, 1 male and 2 females north and west, 1 male 

 and 4 females south and west, and 1 female south and east ; 1 of unknown sex 

 was got 17 miles to the westward. 



Under 20 miles. — ^Thus, under 20 miles, 16 fish, or 30-2 per cent., were recaptured ; 

 4 males (25 per cent.), with an average of 13"9 miles, and 11 females (31*4 per cent.), 

 with an average distance of 11*5 miles. 



20 to 50 miles. — Twenty-seven fish, or 51 per cent., migrated distances of from 

 21 to 47 miles, namely, 9 males (56"2 percent.), with an average of 3r6 miles, and 

 18 females (51"4 per cent.), with an average of 30'5 miles. One of the males went 

 directly north and 2 of the females directly west ; 6 males and 4 females went 

 north and west ; 2 males and 2 females to the north and east ; and 10 females 

 to the south and west. 



50 to 100 miles. — -Three fish, or 5'7 per cent., were found at distances between 

 50 and 100 miles. They were all females (8'6 per cent.), with an average of 58'6 

 miles. One was taken to the north and east, off Aberdeen ; another westwards 

 in the Firth of Forth ; and the third to the south and east. 



Over 100 miles. — Seven fish, or 13' 2 per cent., migrated distances of from 103 

 to 194 miles, namely, 3 males (18'75 per cent.), with an average of 159*8 miles, 

 and 3 females (8"6 per cent.), with an average of 111 miles. Two of the males were 

 taken to the north and 1 to the south and east, and 2 of the females were also 

 found to the north and 1 to the south and east. One whose sex was not determined 

 was recovered near the Great Fisher Bank, 190 miles to the eastward. 



Maturity. 



Males. — The condition of the testes was ascertained in 14 of the 16 males 

 recaptured. 



Two were "spawning," both taken to the north and east, 1, of 34-37'2 cm., 

 in February 1913, after 260 dayr , off Aberdeen, at a distance of 37 miles, and the 

 other, in December 1912, after 196 days, off Sule Skerry, on the north coast of 

 Scotland, at a distance of 194 miles. 



One male is described as "spent." It measured 35"5-37"3 cm., and was 

 recaptured in May 1913, after 350 days, off Montrose, at a distance of 31 miles. 



A male, of 32'5-39-2 cm., was taken in the Firth of Forth, off Pittenweem, at 

 a distance of 46 miles, in October 1913, and was "fully half ripe." 



Among the males with " immature " testes, 2 were got within the hmits of the 

 spawning season, 1 in February 1914, after 616 days, 29 miles to the north, 31- 

 40*3 cm. in length ; the other, of 29-5-38'4 cm., was taken in March 1916, after 

 1377 days, ofE Sarclet, m the Moray Firth, at a distance of 146 miles. 



Among the males under adult size on recapture, 1, measuring 33-32*5 cm., 

 taken in June 1912, on the next day after Hberation, at a distance described as 

 21 miles north and west, was said to be " spent." 



Females. — The condition of the ovaries was recorded in 30 of the 36 recaptured 

 females. 



One was " spawning " ; it measured 35-46*8 cm., and was caught in March 

 1915, after 1001 days, off Banff, in the Moray Firth, at a distance of 109 miles. 



One was described as " spent " ; it measured 42-45*3 cm., and was recovered 

 in April 1913, after 296 days, 5 miles to the eastward. Another, of 41*5-41*6 cm., 

 caught in February 1913, after 259 days, 31 miles to the north and west, was 

 described as " apparently spent." 



A female, of 39-49 cm., caught in October 1914, after 868 days, north-east of 

 Rattray Point, at a distance of 103 miles, M^as "about three-quarters ripe " ; and 

 another, also taken in October 1914, after 863 days, 24 miles to the west and south, 

 was " half -ripe." 



Among the females under adult size on recapture, whose ovaries were " im- 



