116 
performing it by shorter flights, conmequently being less liable, if I 
may be allowed the expression, to lose their road. 
It is, however, yet a question whether—if the theory we have: . 
_ advanced in the introductory chapter of this work prove true—they 
will not eventually take the rank of varieties. ° 
FULIGULA RUFITORQUES. 
Iu. Mas.—Ater; subtus albus, lateribus cinereo andulatis? 
eapistro castaneo. 
Fu. Fem.—Brunnea, fronte subtusque albis. 
RING-NECKED POCHARD. 
Male: black duck; below white, the sides undulated with cine- 
reous; collar chestnut. 
Fem.: brown duck, with the forehead and below ie 
IN. : IN. 
AGT ne atiew en ss Goes 204 INREP LOC isa. S eewace 13 
PGs occ ccerd cee eeoss 3 Middle toe........06 2 3-10ths 
LIT Si Sak cae tea rec iee tose ra OUtEl: COC ciiantenests 2 2-5ths 
Male: head purplish black; back, neck, and breast purplish brown, 
glossed with green inflections; belly white; flanks mottled with 
black ; tail grey-brown; primary coverts light grey; bill and legs 
deep lead-colour, the former crossed with a band of greenish behind 
the nail; the base also surrounded with a narrow band of the same 
- eolour; head slightly crested. 
Fem.: upper plumage dark brown, edged on the top of the head, 
seapulars, and breast with chestnut; flanks chestnut; bill, throat, 
and belly greyish white, speckled with brown; vent dark brown. 
Young similar to the female. 
Fuligula rufitorques...scccrcees Bonap. Syn. p. 893, N. 341. 
This species was found by Dr. Richardson in the fur countries 
during winter; they frequent the rivers and estuaries of North ~ 
America. 
The above bird appears to hold an vateriiediat station between 
Ff. cristata and F. marilla—the crest is smaller than in the former, — 
