176 Mr. G. F. Mathew’s life-histories of 
with the same colour; upper portion of abdomen a 
beautiful golden greenish hue with two small red dots on 
each side. These chrysalids vary excessively, scarcely 
any two of them being alike, for they have the power of 
assuming the colour of the object to, or against, which 
they may be attached, and I have had them of all shades 
of green, brown, reddish brown, rosy, &e. 
A larva hatched on October 29th changed to a chrysalis 
on November 17th, but as a rule they were generally a 
week longer in the larva state. Larve found from 
September to February produce imagos in a few weeks, 
but those taken in March, in most cases, remain in the 
chrysalis state until the following August or September. 
The larve do not appear to suffer from the attacks of 
ichneumons, or any other parasite, for no instance came 
under my notice. In all their stages the larve feed 
perfectly exposed, and the young ones bear a strong 
resemblance to a bird’s droppings. This, of course, 1s 
more or less protective, but nevertheless they are kept 
well in check by a pretty little olive-green bird with white 
eyelids (Zosterops cerulescens, Lath.), numbers of which 
frequent the orange orchards and hunt among the trees 
in a very sprightly manner, having habits similar to 
those of our familiar chiffchaff. I have seen a tree with 
young larve upon every branch, and a few days after 
they had all disappeared. If it was not for this little 
bird I have no doubt this butterfly would cause an 
immense amount of mischief to the orange trees. 
P. erectheus may be seen almost any day in the neigh- 
bourhood of Sydney between August and May, but 
during the two mid-winter months it is in the chrysalis 
state. I have taken it at Brisbane, and Cooktown, in 
the north of Queensland, in December, and at Thursday 
Island, in Torres Straits, in April; and it was not 
uncommon in the southern parts of New Guinea in 
November, 1884. All the butterflies I bred emerged 
between 5 and 9 a.m. 
Papilio Anactus, Macl. (Pl. VI., fig. 2). 
This species is generally distributed in the neighbour- 
hood of Sydney, but I found it by no means common 
between 1882—84, and did not see more than half a 
dozen in the perfect state each year. It occurs in 
