558 Notes in 1887 upon lepidopterous larve, ce. 
appearance and relation to the segments indicated in 
fig. 38. The first stripe begins on the Ist abdominal 
segment; the last ends on the 8th: there is also the 
posterior lower part of an additional stripe on the 1st 
abdominal segment. Too much importance must not 
be attached to the fact that the stripes slope in a 
reverse direction to that commonly occurring in 
Sphingide, for undoubted Sphina larve (e.g. the 
genus Sesia) possess similarly reversed stripes. Hach 
stripe consists of two halves,—the upper and anterior 
upon one segment, the lower and posterior upon the 
segment immediately behind the latter. Hence each of 
the first seven abdominal segments is crossed by the 
upper part of one stripe, and also by the lower part of 
the stripe which is immediately anterior to the former. 
In the thoracic dorsal region there are two parallel and 
nearly horizontal white stripes upon each side, which 
seem to represent the similarly-placed white lines in 
the young Sphinx ligustri: (if this comparison holds, 
the lower of the two must constitute the persistent 
anterior part of a lost subdorsal line, as in the last 
stage of Smerinthus ocellatus). Four white spine-bearing 
tubercles occur upon each abdominal segment from the 
1st to the 7th inclusive. These tubercles bear a con- 
stant relation to the two parts of the oblique stripes and 
the subspiracular line upon each segment. The upper- 
most or first and largest tubercle is placed upon the 
anterior part of the upper division of an oblique stripe: 
the second and smallest tubercle is situated midway 
between the two divisions of a stripe: the third (and 
second largest) tubercle is placed upon the lower division 
of a stripe: while the fourth (and third largest) tubercle 
rises from the subspiracular line. ‘Two large diverging 
bristles spring from the summit of the first tubercle, 
and each of the others also bears a bristle which is 
forked to a greater or less extent; even the rudimentary 
second tubercle bears a bristle with a bifid extremity. 
In addition to these chief terminal bristles, other 
smaller ones can be made out upon the tubercles. 
Towards the end of the stage each abdominal segment 
from the 1st to the 8th becomes strongly marked by a 
transverse dorsal ridge, which forms a very promi- 
nent feature in all the other stages (see fig. 5). Hach 
tubercle of the first pair rises from a fleshy elevation 
