Notes in 1887 wpon lepidopterous larve, dc. 565 
present a very different contour on a lateral view (see 
Plate XVIL., fig. 5). The whole anterior part of the larva 
is not unlike a caricature of a vertebrate head, with the 
terrifying marks in the appropriate position for eyes. 
The effect is increased by its suddenness for, as above- 
stated, these latter features are very nearly concealed 
during rest, and are only exposed upon irritation. The 
larva in fig. 5 is represented in its terrifying attitude. In 
fig. 6, x 5°25, the terrifying mark is shown during rest, 
when it is almost concealed. Its relation to the sub- 
spiracular and to the spiracle on the 1st abdominal 
segment are distinctly seen, together with the differences 
in the shades of the larval ground colour. The mark 
itself is intensely black, and it is in this stage, sur- 
rounded by a reddish area. 
The spiracles are ochreous like those of S. ligustri. I 
did not note their colour in the earlier stages, but 
they are not then conspicuous. ‘The larve now abandon 
the undersides of the leaves, and seek the twigs during 
rest. The Sphinx-like attitude is still distinct (see fig. 5), 
but is not so strongly pronounced as in the earlier stages. 
There was some evidence that the tint of the ground 
colour can be modified by the surroundings, as in S. 
ocellatus. The following results were obtained with the 
food-plants employed :— 
Larval tints. Yellowish Inter- Bluish 
green. mediate. green. 
IS sie o) Sree 5 SSeS 2 1 8 
Beachiesarnccsteken tas 2 2 5 
(Cle poeeeeean,  Gagsllacosbonccollanndccadcce 18 
It seems probable that the effects produced by the 
purple leaves of the copper beech on the one hand, and 
by the green leaves of the beech and birch on the other, 
indicate a certain amount of larval susceptibility to the 
surrounding colours. 
To my great surprise the 4th stage proved to be the 
last in the ontogeny. I have never before met with 
a lepidopterous larva with only four stages. Just before 
pupating and after the cessation of feeding, the larve 
became brownish upon the back, exactly as in the case of 
S. ocellatus and S. populi. 
The mature larva is about 45 mm. in length. (That 
