Notes in 1887 wpon lepidopterous larva, de. 605 
Puate XVII. The ontogeny of Auta TAv, &c. 
Fie. 1, x 9. The newly hatched larva of A. tau, seen from 
‘above, and slightly from the left side, showing the five charac- 
teristic spines in a wrinkled and contracted state. In about twenty 
minutes they are expanded to their full size (as shown in fig. 8), 
by the pressure of the larval blood; they then become stiff 
and rigid. The dorsal tubercles are pressed down flat on the 
back of the larva, with their apices directed towards the middle 
line. The details of the whole of the tubercular coverings are not 
indicated, the magnification being insufficient to represent the 
indistinct condition of these structures immediately after hatching. 
Fic. 2, x 7. A larva of Aglia tau, crawling out of the egg- 
shell, as seen from above. ‘The four thoracic spines are in the con- 
tracted state as iu the last figure. The egg-shell is seen from one 
of its long sides. 
Fic. 8, x 7. The larva of A. tau, after having fed for a few 
days in the first stage, as seen from above. The five horns are very 
characteristic in appearance; the one on the 8th abdominal seg- 
ment corresponds in every way to the caudal horn of Sphingida. 
The transparent area corresponds to that shown in Plate XV., figs. 
9 and 16, &., in the case of 4. convolvuli. The forked tip, with 
its two terminal bristles, is like that of all young Sphingida 
hitherto described (see Plate XV., fig. 3, &c.). Four hair-bearing 
tubercles are seen on each side of each abdominal segment. 
Fic. 4, x 50. The caudal horn of a similar larva showing the 
details of its structure, as seen from the front. The four thoracic 
horns are essentially similar. 
Fic. 5, natural size. The adult larva of A. tau, at the end of 
the 4th (and last) stage, as seen from the right side. The differ- 
ences between this and the earlier appearance (fig. 3) are very 
striking, and appear suddenly at the beginning of the last stage, 
the three previous stages being very uniform. The shagreen dots 
are like those of Smerinthus and Sphina, and appear in the 2nd 
stage. The anterior part of the larva bears some rough resem- 
blance to the head of a vertebrate animal; and there is a black 
mark on the Ist abdominal segment, which is in the appropriate 
position for the vertebrate eye. This terrifying mark is only 
exposed when the larva is irritated (as shown in the figure). The 
subspiracular line is very distinct and prominent, being composed 
of fleshy lobes. The terrifying mark is situated just above this 
line, and is in the form of a pouch, which can be opened, and thus 
rendered visible. 
Fic. 6, x 5°25, Part of the 1st abdominal segment of a similar 
larva, seen from the right side. The terrifying mark is almost 
