322" Mr. H. J. Ehves' notes on 



Maniola. These are epistygne, Hiib., afer, Esp., from 

 which he separates both phegia and dalmata, parmenio, 

 and ocnus, whilst kalmuka at the end of the series is not 

 assigned to any genus. 



I am unable to find any exact limit between Erehia and 

 the genus CalUrehia of Butler, which appear to be con- 

 nected by some of the Himalayan and Mongolian forms, 

 yet the typical Callerebias are easily separable by their 

 larger size, differently- shaped hind wings, and different 

 style of marking on the under side. 



My own collection, though not so complete as I could 

 wish, includes specimens of all the known species, except 

 E. Sofia, Streck., E. tundra, Stgi\, E. dahanensis, Ersch., 

 E. era, Men., E. patagonica, Mab. : all of which are 

 only known from single or very few specimens in the 

 collections of their describers. As I have had the ad- 

 vantage of examining the very fine series in the collections 

 of Dr. Staudinger, M. Oberthiir, and Messrs. Godman, 

 Leech, and Strecker, I do not think I have overlooked 

 any undescribed forms of importance. The distribution 

 of the genus, as here accepted, is confined to the 

 Palffiarctic region, in which I must include all those 

 parts of North America in which Erebias occur ; and it 

 is a curious fact that though they are present in almost 

 every other part of the region except North Africa, 

 there are none in the United States east of the Rocky 

 Mountains. 



There seem to be two principal centres of distribution. 

 First and most important, the Alps of Central Europe, 

 which have about 25 species, or if eriphi/le and euryalc 

 are not considered good species, 23, of which 6, namely, 

 arete, phartc, mncstra, seipio, goante, and glacialis are con- 

 fined to this group of mountains, though areteis only found 

 in their extreme eastern, and seipio in their extreme south- 

 western district. In the Pyrenees we have 12 species, 

 of which all are found in the Alps except melas ; and 

 there are two others, namely, eptsti/gne, which is found 

 in the lower mountains of Southern France, and zapateri, 

 confined to Eastern Spain, which do not occur either in 

 the Alps or Pyrenees. 



In all, therefore, 27 species are found in Central and 

 South-western Europe, only 2 of which extend to Great 

 Britain, and 3 to Arctic Europe. Of the alpine species, 

 2 only extend to the higher mountains of Central Europe, 



