332 Mr. H. J. Elwes' notes on 



57. SAXicOLA, Ob., Et. Ent., ii., p. 32, t. iv., Ourato {Mongolia). 

 i. (1876). 



Erebia patagonica, Mahille, Bull. Soc. Patagonia. 

 Phil., 1885 (7), ix., p. 55 (non vidi, an 

 liujus generis?]. 



I will now give some short notes on the various 

 species, to explain the synopsis ; as it must be observed 

 that many of these conclusions are doubtful, and cannot 

 be looked upon as settled until more complete information 

 is obtained about the species. 



E. epiphron. — After examining a very large number of 

 specimens, I can only say that though the form cassiope, 

 which represents the species in the Alps, is very different 

 in typical examples from epiphron of the Hartz Mountains 

 and Silesia, yet it is so variable that in the Pyrenees 

 especially, and also in Scotland, it cannot be looked on 

 as constant. The varieties vogesiaca andpyrenaica connect 

 it with epiphron, and the form nelamm is an extreme 

 variety or aberration in which the ocelli have almost or 

 entirely disappeared. In the Balkans and Carpathians, 

 from whence however I have seen but few specimens, the 

 tyjje is rather that of epiphron than cassiope. 



E. kefersteinii I only know from Eversmann's description 

 and Herrich-Schiiffer's figure, which shows no characters 

 by which it may be distinguished ; and it may turn out 

 that tundra, which Staudinger says comes between cassiope 

 and melampus, is the same, though the band on the 

 under side of the hind wing, which is clearly shown in 

 the figure, seems to distinguish it clearly, and to indicate 

 some affinity with lappona. Tundra has only been found 

 near Lake Baikal, where a form of melampus is also said 

 by Staudinger to exist. 



E. melampus is a small species, which extends to the 

 Carpathians and Eiesengebirge ; the var. sndetica, from 

 the latter range, does not seem sufficiently well marked 

 to bear a separate name, though typical specimens from 

 Silesia can be recognized. 



E. eriphyle remains, after all that has been written by 

 Meyer Dur, Christ, Piothenbach and others, a somewhat 

 doubtful species. All those who have seen it alive, how- 

 ever, consider it to be a distinct one, and though the 

 characters are difficult to describe, and seem somewhat 

 liable to vary, there is no difficulty in recognizing what 



