340 Mr. H. J. Elwes' notes on 



The next group consists of five or perhaps six species, 

 all nearly allied to each other. 



Of these pronoe and cethiops are the best known and 

 most widely distributed, the former extending from the 

 Pyrenees to Eastern Armenia, the latter from England 

 to Eastern Siberia. Both of them vary considerably. 



E. neoridas, Boisd., which Staudinger treats as a distinct 

 species, Von Gumppenberg makes a variety of cetJdops, 

 and perhaps he is right in this ; but sedaJcovi, Ev., from 

 the Amur and Japan, which he treats in the same 

 manner, is, I think, constantly separable, though I have 

 no Siberian specimens of cethiops for comparison with it, 

 and intermediate forms may occur. Neither Menetries, 

 Bremer, or Graeser seem to have found cethiops in Amur- 

 land, and I do not know Staudinger's authority for its 

 occurrence there. 



E. zapateri is a species which seems quite distinct, 

 and is confined to the mountains of Aragon and Catalonia 

 in Spain. 



E. melancliolica, H.-S., is unknown except from the 

 figure, and has been found by no recent traveller. 

 Staudinger thinks it may be a var. of neoridas or rather 

 cethiops, and the figure given by Herrich-Schiiffer might 

 well represent a form of pronoe which occurs in the 

 same region. 



E. sedakovi is the eastern representative of (Sthiops, 

 to which it is nearly allied, and is not distinguishable 

 from the Japanese form which has been called niphonica ; 

 it extends to the Upper Amur region, and may be found 

 farther west. 



The next species on the list is E. ligea, a very wide- 

 ranging and variable species, which occurs in almost all 

 parts of Central and Northern Europe and Asia. Euryale 

 is by many considered a distinct species, and in the Alps 

 seems to be so, and found at a higher elevation than 

 ligea; but intermediate forms occur in Northern Europe 

 under the name of adyte which seem to make an exact 

 definition of the two species impossible ; and both 

 Lederer, Herrich-Schaffer, and Schilde have held the 

 same opinion as I do. In Asia it takes other forms, of 

 which ajanensis, occurring in the Amur region, is one, 

 and jeneseiensis another. I have not seen any typical 

 euryale from Asia, though it is reported to occur in the 

 Altai Mountains. 



