158 Mr. F. Merrifield's systematic temperature 



D. — (1) Larv^ sleeved, (2) pup.e iced, or cooled. 



(? . Five (two of them crippled) : rather darker than 

 A, the irrorations botJi increased and more blotchy ; the 

 band-lines faint, the inner one entirely gone. 



? . Five (two crippled, 1 crumpled, 2 perfect) : 

 variable, but fairly normal, excepting that the inner 

 band-line is lost in every individual but one. 



General tendency. Amplification of spotting with 

 elimination of inner line. 



E. — (1) Larv.e forced, (2) pup.e cooled. 



S . Five : largely irrorated with the darker fuscous 

 marking, producing the effect of an entire darkening of 

 the coloration, but the ground colour is really about 

 normal ; the outer band-line very blotchy, while the 

 inner one is entirely lost in some in the general irrora- 

 tion, or it may be irrespective of it; the venation lines 

 are rendered more distinct in most cases on account of 

 being unspotted. 



$ . Five : on the whole tJie irroration is less developed 

 than hi the ^ , and finer, while the ground colour is 

 decidedly paler and more uniform (with the marginal 

 shading but slightly pronounced), but the irrorations 

 between the band and the anterior portion of the outer 

 margin of the fore wings of most of the individuals have 

 become merged into a blotchy shade ; the inner band- 

 line is entirely lost in all but one, which has instead a 

 blotchy patch along that part of the field ; in most 

 specimens {i. c, all but one) the dentated outline of the 

 hind iving has a continuous dark line along the outer 

 margin. 



General tendency. Increased development of the 

 irroration, with continued elimination of the inner band- 

 line. The ground colour is warmer in both sexes than 

 in the D form, the larvae of which were normally con- 

 ditioned. 



Under each set of experiments with abnormal tempera- 

 tures (excluding A) the band-lines spring directly from 

 the costa, instead of starting with an acute angle, or 

 hooked curve, across the first nervure, as is the case 

 usually in the A series (see figs. 1 and 2). But, curiously 

 enough, this angulation observable in these types is 

 contrary, to the regular specific character, as described 



