of the Pyralidina of the European fauna. 467 



long, porrected, clothed with dense loosely dilated scales, attenuated 

 towards apex, terminal joint moderately long, exposed. Maxillary 

 palpi moderate, triangularly dilated with loose scales. Abdomen 

 in ^ with moderate anal tuft. Posterior tibiae with outer spurs 

 one-half to four-fifths of inner. Fore wings with vein 7 from near 

 9, 8 and 9 stalked, 10 somewhat approximated to 9 towards base, 

 11 sometimes anastomosing with 12. Hind wings 1 or over 1 

 veins 4 and 5 approximated at base, 7 out of G near origin, anastom- 

 osing with 8 to one-fifth to one-third. 



A genus of limited extent but cosmopolitan distribu- 

 tion. The resemblance of this genus to Chilo, which 

 has usually led to their being classed together, is due to 

 analogy only ; as reed-frequenting insects, they have 

 both the form of wings and palpi, and the colouring, 

 which is adapted to concealment in such a situation ; 

 the tendency to anastomosis of veins 11 and 12 in the 

 fore wings appears to be a direct consequence of the 

 narrowing and extension of the wings. It is quite 

 certain that Schoenohins is truly derivable from Hijdro- 

 camim, and the intermediate steps are extant in Indian 

 and Australian forms ; nor is there here any trace of 

 transition in the structural family characters, such as is 

 shown in Heliothela, which approaches the true con- 

 necting-link between the families. Chilo is simply an 

 aquatic Cramhus. Although I have not used the 3" 

 genitalia as systematic characters, they may with advan- 

 tage be examined in Hydrocampa, Schoonohius, Scirpo- 

 phaga, and Acentropus, by those who doubt their near 

 relationship ; they will be found identical in the four 

 genera. 



gigantellus, Schiff. 



forficellus, Thnb. 



Alpherakii, Stgr. 



49. SCIEPOPHAGA, Tr. 

 Face rounded, vertical ; ocelli distinct ; tongue very short or 

 obsolete. Antennae one-third to two-thirds, in ^ filiform, ciliated 

 (1 — 2). Labial palpi moderate or rather short, porrected, loosely 

 scaled, terminal joint moderate or short. Maxillary palpi moder- 

 ate, porrected, apex somewhat dilated with penicillate scales. 

 Thorax in (^ with patagia formmg a rough erectly spreading tuft 

 of hairs ; abdomen in ^ with moderate anal tuft. Posterior tibiai 

 with outer spurs one-half to four-fifths of inner. Fore wings with 



