of the Pyralidina of the European fauna. 483 



71. Calamotropha, Z. 



Face with short prominence ; ocelli present, concealed ; tongue 

 developed. Antennae two-thirds, in ^ ciliated. Labial palpi very 

 long, porrected, clothed with loose rough scales, attenuated for- 

 wards. Maxillary palpi moderately long, triangularly dilated with 

 scales towards apex. Abdomen in ^ with moderate anal tuft. 

 Posterior tibiae with outer spurs two-thirds of inner. Fore wings 

 with veins 4 and 5 separate, 7 and 8 out of 9, 10 approximated to 9 

 towards base. Hind wings about 1^ ; veins 4 and 5 from a point, 

 7 out of 6 near origin, anastomosing with 8 to about middle. 



This genus is only separable from Crambus by the 

 ocelli, which are completely concealed by scales, whereas 

 in Crambus they are always clear, exposed, and con- 

 spicuous. This seems sufficient under the circumstances. 

 The genus contains only a few widely scattered species. 

 ixiludelia, Hb. 

 *hierochimtica, Z. 



7. PTEROPHOEID^. 

 Ocelli usually concealed or obsolete, rarel}' distinct. Tongue 

 well-developed. Maxillary palpi obsolete. Fore wings with 

 vein 1 simple or shortly furcate, 5 remote from 4, 7 separate or 

 out of 8 or absent, 8 and 9 stalked or coincident or rarely separate 

 (Agdistis), 10 and 11 sometimes out of 9 or absent, wing usually 

 fissured, forming two or rarely three or four segments. Hind 

 wings without defined pecten of hairs on lower margin of cell, 

 vpin 5 remote from 4, vein 7 remote from G, approximated shortly 

 to 8 beyond origin, wing usually fissured, forming three segments. 



This family, which is of considerable size and cosmo- 

 politan, appears to be of very early origin. The 

 Australian family Oxychirotida, which probably consists 

 of the remnants of a collateral branch of development, 

 supplies forms quite intermediate in character between 

 the Pterophoridce and other Pyralidina, including sjDecies 

 with ordinary entire triangular wings, with absolutely 

 linear wings, and with wings divided each into two seg- 

 ments. I have formerly stated the Pterophoridce to 

 possess no ocelli, but I now find that they are present in 

 some of the earliest forms, as Agdistis, though usually 

 obsolete. The exceptional separation of veins 8 and 9 

 of the fore wings is referred to under Agdistis. All the 

 species of this family show a more or less developed 



