112 Dr. Chapman on some neglected points 
been able to examine, but there is so great a uniformity 
amongst those that I have examined that I hardly expect 
to meet among the others with any wide departure from 
the type. Fabriciana differs from Tortrices in the hinder 
set of dorsal points being wanting, in the 2nd segment 
not so markedly becoming free on dehiscence, and in the 
wing cases projecting over 4th segment (though free 
from it), though this feature does occur in true Tortrices. 
The pedicellate legs of the iarva also point to this 
family, though very close to Tortrix, being entitled to a 
separate place. The egg is very curious. 
In Cossus I can find no character at any stage to dis- 
tinguish it from Tortrices. The pupa may be taken as 
(very conveniently from its large size) showing the 
Tortrix character. The larva, with its circles of hooks 
of alternate lengths on the prolegs, is of strictly Tortrix 
pattern. The imago agrees with Tortrix in every detail, 
the venation is almost identical with that of C. pomonana, 
the palpi, spurs on legs, &c., are the same, the wing 
pattern closely resembles that of Retinia, to which its 
habits suggest it is probably closely allied. The dorsal 
structure of the metathorax in Cossus agrees absolutely 
with Tortriz, the metascutum being divided into two 
lateral parts that just meet in the middle line without 
uniting. In nearly all true Macros these two portions 
are widely separate, whilst they unite in the middle 
line, forming one piece in certain Tinee only, especially 
Adelids. It is of interest to find that this same Tineal 
conformation is strongly marked in Hepialus, and less 
so in Sesia and Limacodes. I am indebted to Dr. Wood for 
calling my attention to this interesting point; it is one 
we have yet done little more than glance at, though it 
is referred to by several authorities. 
Zeuzera and Hepialus differ from Tortriz in having 
the 3rd abdominal segment free, but in a peculiar and 
modified manner: the wing cases project over it, and 
appear to be fixed to it, but really the incision between 
it and 2nd is bent backwards as it passes towards the 
ventral surface, a very unusual modification of structure, 
which impedes the free movement of 3 on 2. In arun- 
dinis the dorsal spines become less developed poste- 
riorly. Of Hepialus I have not been able to get abundant 
material, but certain pupx, apparently males, have the 
7th segment fixed, or nearly so; if this is so, it is clearly 
