in the pupe of Heterocerous Lepidoptera. 115 
know nothing, the following list will probably be length- 
ened ; but I may note certain species as not, so far as 1 
have yet studied them, clearly belonging to either of the 
sections (Obtecte and Incomplete) ; Hlachistide (Tischeria 
belongs to Incomplete) ; Perittia, Lyonetide (Bucculatrix 
belongs to Incomplete; the free segments are 4, 5, 6 
(and 7), eye-collar not detected). To go into any detail 
as to these till the structure of many more species has 
been noted would be of little use. 
I think it is probable that the association of the 
Sesiids with the Tineids will not meet with much 
objection. I have already referred to the well-developed 
maxillary palpus of the pupa as a remarkable confirma- 
tion of this position, as well as to the Tineid character 
of the larval prolegs. But possibly a little more detail 
as to Limacodes may be required. In many respects 
Limacodes and Nepticula seem extremely different; apart 
from the matter of size, the former is an external feeder. 
Then the venation of Nepticula is crippled by the minute 
size of the moths, so as to render them very different, 
though probably not essentially so in this respect. It 
is therefore somewhat surprising to find a resemblance 
that is almost identity in the pupa. In both the pupal 
skin is very delicate ; the free abdominal segments begin 
at the 8rd, if not at the 2nd; the appendages are easily 
separated, as they might be in a bee or beetle pupa; the 
dorsal spines are arranged in several rows of small equal 
points towards the dorsal margin of the segment. ‘The 
maxillary palpus (eye-collar) is strongly developed, large 
and obvious in T'estudo; in Asellus it stretches right 
across from the antenne to the mouth-parts, and on 
dehiscence remains attached to the head coverings. It 
is, indeed, larger proportionally in these species, where 
it is obsolete in the imago, than in Nepticula or others, 
where it persists in the imago. The pupa emerges from 
the cocoon in much the same manner, and leaves a very 
delicate pupa-case, in which, after the manner of the 
Incomplete, the covered parts are nearly as strong as the 
exposed. 
‘The larva passes the winter in a passive state in the 
cocoon, changing in spring; whilst its apod character 
might be explained by its very recent descent from a 
footless mining larva. The urticating properties of 
sundry exotic species of the group may perhaps be 
