120 Mr. Walter F. H. Blandford on the 
raised, crenate, fringed with a few long hairs, and armed with two 
spines, one small, near the suture, at the apex of the 2nd 
interstice, the other about the middle, at the apex of the 5th 
interstice, longer and directed backwards. Underside deep ferru- 
ginous. Legs ferruginous with knees infuscate. 
Readily distinguished from X. defensus by its larger 
size, colour, and the obliquity of the apex, the impressed 
surface of which is not circular but elongate; the apical 
emargination is much deeper and more abrupt. It is 
wlied to X. emarginatus, Eichh., but as the apical 
impression in that species is described as being sub- 
rugose and somewhat closely punctured, it is obviously 
distinct. This type of Xyleborus, with an impressed, 
emarginate, and spined apex to the elytra, appears to be 
rather common in the Oriental region. I have other 
undescribed species in my collection, which can easily 
be separated by comparison, though they run very close 
in structural features. ‘They are, in spite of their shape, 
true Xylebori, and show no generic differences upon 
dissection. 
It is a peculiarity of this genus that the descriptions 
and differentiations of the species it contains are based 
almost entirely on the characters of the females. The 
males are so rarely taken, that but very few have ever 
been described among exotic species. As they are sub- 
apterous, ard incapable of flight, they are not to be 
obtained except by a special search in the burrows they 
inhabit, a task usually too tedious to be attempted by a 
collector who is devoting his attention to one or more 
Orders in a foreign country. A further acquaintance 
with them would be of material assistance towards 
grouping the species of the genus, as, though small and 
ill-developed in comparison with the females, they 
present some well-marked differences of structure. In 
form they are of two types, one, short and subglobose, 
as X. dispar ¢, the other, cylindrical and similar to the 
female, but shorter, often more convex and less robust, 
as X. saxesent ¢, and XY. schaufussi ¢. For the insects 
whose males are of the former type, Ferrari has pro- 
posed the genus or subgenus Anisandrus, which is at 
present of no use, as one cannot yet say with certainty 
what characters of the female are connoted with that 
particular type of male, which probably merges into the 
