(. dskiv >) 
desert may have prevented the migration from the north, the 
tropical coast-line on the south-east would have formed no 
obstacle to the extension of many East African tropical species 
to the Cape Colony. 
It is perhaps a question on which zoologists are not agreed, 
whether the Ethiopian region should be considered a region 
of primary value or be united with the Indian into a Paleo- 
tropical region, as is done by Hooker and in Hemsley’s alter- 
native scheme. 
Iam not prepared to accept the latter course. There are, 
no doubt, a great number of dominant genera, which are 
common to both continents; but the almost total absence 
of some of the most typical and dominant Malayan genera 
in Africa, such as Euplaa, Ornithoptera, Delias, Neptis, 
Amblypodia, and the presence in Africa of many large 
genera which are almost, or quite, absent in India, such as 
Acraa, Euryphene, Romaleosoma, Azxiocerces, Pentila, etc., 
quite outweighs the fact that some rather numerous groups, 
such as Mycalesis, Ypthima, Charaxes, Hypolimnas, Eurytela, 
are common to both. 
Of Madagascar and the Mascarene islands, which, on 
account of their many peculiar genera of mammals and 
birds, stand quite apart from Continental Africa, I cannot 
say much, as the only comprehensive account of the 
butterflies we have, by Saalmuller,* is too incomplete to 
analyse with profit. A large number of peculiar species 
occur, and some of them show Malayan rather than 
Ethiopian affinities. It has the only two species of Huplea 
which are found out of the Malay region ; also a single species 
of Hypanartia and Crenis, which are Neotropical genera. The 
beautiful moth Urania Ripheus, is also a striking instance of 
a genus found nowhere else but in South America; but, 
according to Schatz, Heteropsis is the only genus of butterflies 
peculiar to Madagascar. 
Inpo-Matayan Reaion, on East Tropica Recion or THE OLD 
Wortp.—No other region, except the Neotropical, is anything 
like so rich in peculiar, dominant, and characteristic forms 
* Lepidopteren von Madagascar, vol. i., Frankfort, 1884. 
