( bexvi 4) 
Indo-Malay islands; while the mountains of Ceylon seem 
especially poor in peculiar forms. 
In Mr. Hampson’s list of the Butterflies of the Nilgiri 
district,* only two hundred and seventy-five species are in- 
cluded, of which Hestia and Parthenos are perhaps the only 
Malayan genera not found in Sikkim. There is only a single 
species of Nemeobiine, one of Morphine, and two of Ambly- 
podia, all of which are characteristic of the Indo-Malay region. 
Zipaetis is, perhaps, the only genus not found in the Hima- 
layas which occurs here, and Colias nilgiriensis is a unique 
instance of a Northern genus which extends so far south, 
showing that an insuperable obstacle has been opposed by the 
low and hot plains and the arid hills of the Peninsula to the 
extension southwards of either Northern genera from the 
north-west or Himalayan forms from the north-east. 
The dominant and characteristic genera of the Indo-Malay 
region, as a whole, are not very numerous, but for the most 
part have developed in the Malay archipelago a great number 
of peculiar species. 
The following are most conspicuous among them :— 
Danais, which, however, is equally well represented in 
Africa. 
Euplea, which has an immense number of species, and 
many groups extend to every part of the region. 
Cethosia, Cynthia, and Cirrhochroa, with about thirty species 
amongst them. 
Neptis, with at least ninety species, many of them confined 
to particular islands, but everywhere, except in the Pacific 
islands and extra-tropical Australia, a dominant genus. 
Athyma and Futhalia, with, probably, over one hundred 
species. 
Lethe, Mycalesis, Ypthima, and Elymnias are all dominant 
genera, but the first is better developed in the Himalo-Chinese 
sub-region, and the other three are all represented in Africa. 
The important though not numerous family of Morphine 
is characteristic of the central parts of this region, though 
entirely wanting in continental Africa. Eleven genera 
* Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 1888. 
