neiv and little-known PalsRarctic. Perlidse. 59 



a slender curved process, with a slight projection or tooth on its 

 under side. The ante-penultimate segment dorsally raised and 

 covered with minute points. Exp. of forewings, 12 to 17 mm., 

 the $ the larger. 



The S first came under notice from Finnish Lapland, 

 whence it was received from Dr. Sahlberg. It is pos- 

 sible females were included in a collection previously- 

 received from the same valued correspondent, and were 

 returned by me as C. nigra. The species was found bj 

 King and myself in plenty on the shores of Loch Ran- 

 noch in April of this year. Three females from Braemar 

 (Buchanan White) appear also to belong here ; they have 

 the wings rather abbreviated. The species probably 

 also occurs in Switzerland, but the S of the pair in 

 Mr. McLachlan's collection (Burgdorf, Meyer-Diir) is not 

 in very good condition, and further Swiss material is 

 desirable. 



A smaller insect, as a rule, in the $ sex than G. nigra, 

 and blacker-looking when fresh. The c^, as far as known, 

 is full-winged. As usual, the important distinctive 

 characters lie in the $ genitalia, but the points in the 

 neuration above alluded to should be useful in separating 

 the ? from that of G. nigra, if they are found as constant 

 elsewhere as they appear to be in this country. A com- 

 parison of fresh material will, I think, show the prothorax 

 to be smaller, and with margins more rounded in G. atra 

 than in C. nigra. 



It should be noticed that Pictet's figure of the neura- 

 tion of G. nigra on pi. i., fig. 6 (Perlides, 1841), has the 

 basal end of the lower intercubital cellule comparatively 

 broad, while in his fig. 4, pi. xxxix., id. op., the condition 

 is more like that usual in G. atra, the earlier figure 

 being stated as aberrant in the relative explanation of 

 plate xxxix. Further, Pictet says the <? of nigra is full- 

 winged. On these grounds some might be inclined to 

 hold the species above described (assuming Meyer-Diir's 

 examples as belonging thereto) as the true nigra. How- 

 ever, according to information from Dr. Ris (in letters), 

 male Gapnise, practically apterous, are found in Switzer- 

 land, and from this I conclude that the two species exist 

 there, and I am inclined to think Pictet may have con- 

 fused them. The diSerences in the figures just alluded 

 to become therefore of importance, and as the earlier one 



