238 Professor Edward B. Poulton on the 



cess, the male being apparently firmly seated on her 

 back. 



August 31. — A pair were found in copula in the Alpine 

 garden close to the Weisshorn Hotel. The female was 

 seen to eat freely^ and once to void excreta, while the 

 male was actively moving his third legs. This observa- 

 tion was confirmed by F. Jenkinson. These remarkable 

 alternate movements of the male's third legs during 

 coitus were also seen by F. Jenkinson and me in a very 

 large number of cases at other times. In a single case 

 observed by F. Jenkinson on August 31, the male's legs 

 were at one time rapidly vibrated laterally, being moved 

 simultaneously and not alternately, as in the usual move- 

 ment. This perhaps correspoods to the shivering move- 

 ment seen by me in the female on August 30th. 



September 1. — This latter observation was confirmed 

 by me in the Alpine garden. In this case the beginning 

 of the act was seen. The male appeared to be much 

 excited, and the shivering movement occurred from time 

 to time, just before and after the beginning of the act. 

 The female, which possessed only one leg of the third 

 pair, was quite motionless throughout. At the com- 

 mencement of the act she expelled faeces, which were 

 moist and quite different from the dry ejecta seen on 

 other occasions. In this and the complete passivity of 

 the female there is probable evidence that she was much 

 influenced by the act. This passive appearance was 

 entirely distinct from the indifference manifested in so 

 many of the cases previously observed, in which, how- 

 ever, the act had either not begun, or was probably far 

 advanced. Shortly after coitus the pair remained motion- 

 less for a considerable time. 



September 2. — Up to this date the events immediately 

 preceding pairing, and the pairing itself had been observed 

 with care, but there was no evidence to show how the 

 male became seated on the back of the female. I was 

 very anxious to find out how this occurred, and whether 

 there was any preliminary courtship by stridulation or 

 otherwise, although the species had never been heard to 

 stridulate. At this date, F. Jenkinson observed, and I 

 was able to confirm, that the males leap upon the females 

 when they come within a distance of about three inches, 

 but apparently do not notice them at a much greater 

 distance. Their attention appears to be directed to the 



