248 Professor Edward B. Poulton on the 



side by side, pushing and kicking at each other, and 

 stridulating alternately. One male had lost one of the 

 third pair of legs, perhaps in an earlier part of the 

 fight, but if so it must have been somewhere else, as I 

 searched for the leg in vain. In spite of its mutilation 

 it replied with its single leg to every stridulation made 

 by the other, and these replies seemed especially irri- 

 tating to the uninjured male for it kicked more vigor- 

 ously than ever, and once made a determined but unsuc- 

 cessful effort to bite the end of the other's abdomen. The 

 fight was already raging when I began to observe. After 

 I had watched it for several minutes the uninjured male 

 gave up and went away. It is possible that the light 

 may have begun by one male leaping on the other in 

 mistake for a female, but it is more lilcely that it arose 

 in a quarrel over one female. This view derives some 

 suppoi't from the following observation. 



September 2. — At a certain spot on the slopes below 

 the Bella Tola the species was very common, and several 

 pairs were seen in coitu. The female is larger and 

 duller in colour than the males, and her wings are much 

 smaller and probably useless for flight. 



In the case of one pair in which copulation had 

 evidently only just taken place, the female was seen to 

 expel fteces : another male was lying beside the pair 

 evidently trying to copulate with the female, continually 

 stretching his abdomen towards her with partial eversion 

 of the organs. He also stridulated from time to time, 

 and I feel almost sure, although I cannot speak with 

 certainty on this point, that the copulating male replied 

 on each occasion. In a few minutes the unsuccessful 

 male went away. I have suggested that the fight may 

 have begun in souie such contest, but probably before 

 either male had succeeded in pairing. I cannot now 

 remember whether the stridulation during the fight and 

 on the occasion last described was similar to that v/hich is 

 characteristic of the species at other times. I am con- 

 fident that no new sound was introduced, but cannot be 

 sure as to whether both movements were made with 

 their usual relation to each other. 



September 7. — F. Jenkinson saw two males of this 

 species drawn together from a distance of several yards 

 apparently as the result of stridulating alternately. 

 When at length they met, they seemed much excited. 



