Phylogeny and Evolution of the Lepidoptera. 585 



possess the dorsal head-piece ; in some few Geometers 

 the eje-pieces actually separate in connection with this 

 piece, there are others in which the pieces separate with- 

 out adhering to the head-piece. These forms are no doubt 

 the lowest of the group ; they occur in Eupithecia, Thera, 

 and some allied genera. 



In tracing these series downwards, we find the same 

 form of egg in Crambus, in many Fyraloids, and in not 

 a few Tinelna, such as Chauliodus and Orneodes. In 

 many of these we find, as in most Geometers, but 

 never I think in Bomhycids, that one end of the 

 egg is narrower than the other, making the egg pear- 

 shaped. 



This P.tirps in fact includes nearly all the lower forms. 

 The egg in different groups of these varies within wide 

 limits. In some families it is very depressed and scale-like; 

 as, indeed, is the Bombycid egg in many Limacodids, 

 if we are correct in tracing the Bombycid egg to that 

 origin. 



If the Geometra3 really belong to this stirps, we must 

 note that the majority of the stirps culminating in the 

 Pyralids preserve the maxillary palpus, and that the 

 Geometrid Macros must be derived from branches lower 

 down which have lost the palpus. 



The Cij mat ophor idle. {Tiiyatlridie) unquestionably, on 

 the evidence of their ova, belong to the Geometrid divi- 

 sion, many of them are still characteristically slight bodied. 

 The larvas of some genera preserve the Micro habit of 

 living between leaves, though they have Macro legs. A 

 trace of dorsal head-piece is always present in the pupa, 

 which has the tapering hind segmen\fs of the Geometrid 

 type. The Brephidje almost certainly belong here and not 

 to the Bombycids. The egg proves they are not Nocture. 



The Drepanididie are very puzzling. 1 incline to place 

 them here, they are probably like the Nolidx on the 

 Noctua stem, a form as high as any other, but with a 

 separate origin low down. The egg is rather Bombycid 

 than Geometrid, the larva is very isolated, the prologs 

 are of the same formula in the newly-hatched as in the 

 adult larva, the pupa is of high ]\lacro type. Whilst 

 the imago is slender-bodied, preserv^es a frenulum, 

 and has rather a Bombycid than Geometrid type of 

 markings. 



The complete circles of hooks on the larval prologs in 



