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the female, but he was not yet sure of this ; in one exceptional 

 case there was so much yellow as to make it in appearance 

 almost intermediate between the two sexes. Low tempera- 

 tures in general reduced the size of the orange discal spot 

 on the forewings of both sexes, so that in a few it was scarcely 

 visible ; in this respect there was a resemblance to the var. fari- 

 nosa from Eastern Europe, Armenia, and Syria, and the var. 

 ncpalensis from North-Wcst India, and it would be interesting 

 to learn whether these came from the plains or the moun- 

 tains. He also exhibited some species of Vanessa, the result of 

 experiments tried with a view to ascertain the extreme high 

 temperature that the pupre would bear, and its results. For the 

 benefit of other experimenters Mr. Merrifield said he might 

 mention that he had strong reason to believe that the greatest 

 results Avere obtained by a very high temperature— 95^ to 

 102'' F. for difierent species — for from 12 to 24 hours imme- 

 diately after the pupa^ had become hard or nearly so, gradually 

 lowered afterwards, but still kept high — say 85'^ F. or more — 

 till near emergence. Mr. Merrifield further exhibited some of 

 these high temperature results. In ]'ancssa atalanta the breadth 

 and brightness of the scarlet bands on all the wings would be 

 observed, and the appearance of scarlet patches and clouds 

 on parts ordinarily black ; the scarlet patch close to and 

 above the projecting shoulder in the middle of the scarlet band 

 on the forewings and between it and the costa, he had not seen 

 before described ; another unexpected result and not, he 

 thought, before noted, was the appearance of a long dash of 

 grey-blue scales near the inner margin of the forewing, and 

 on the inner side of the scarlet band. Some low temperature 

 examples were added for comparison. In the high temperature 

 Vanessa urticoe, exhibited, the three well-known isolated spots on 

 the forewings had in some almost disappeared, the blue was 

 much diminished, and the outer border of the forewings Avas 

 very uuich narrowed, especially tapering, almost to a point, at 

 the anal angle ; the outer edge of this border was very much 

 lighter in colour, and the outer edge of the forewing appeared 

 to be much less angulated than in normal specimens. In 

 this species also, some low temperature forms were shown 

 for comparison, and two of the Corsican V. 7irticai var. 



