( xxxiv ) 



very different conditions, both of soil and climate, and in 

 places, too, where the plants we considered necessary to 

 them did not exist. He thought that was an additional 

 proof that their disappearance was more or less a question of 

 climate. ^Yhen we came to the second head, how collectors 

 were to be stopped, he did not think much could be done. 

 Powers had been given to the County Councils to list certain 

 birds during the breeding season, and prosecutions had been 

 enforced for taking the nests of those birds. Only the other 

 day, through the exertions of the Eastern Counties' Natural 

 History Society, the foreshores all over the East Coast were 

 declared prohibited grounds. He had given orders on his own 

 land to the same effect, but with four hundred dredgers work- 

 ing there it was impossible to carry the orders out. He knew 

 a gentleman who appointed an inspector to guard and watch 

 in his district, and he succeeded for a little while. It was just 

 the same with the Osprey in Scotland. As to stopping the 

 schoolboy by a remonstrance to his master, he had not much 

 faith in it. He believed two or three favourable seasons would 

 do more to increase the numbers of a species than all the 

 efforts of collectors did to decrease its numbers. 



Mr. Crowley observed that in his own district he re- 

 membered, some forty years ago, Vanesm pohjcldoros breeding 

 in elm trees ; but he had not seen it lately. T'. itrtiac and 

 V. to were also much commoner formerly. He had not 

 seen Aporia craUnji for thirty years. JSlelitiva arteviis used 

 to occur in one meadow near Alton, Hants. He used to find 

 it freely twenty-five years ago, but he never found it now. 



Mr. Goss said 21. artemis was, to his knowledge, still 

 abundant in some parts of Hampshire, Gloucestershire and 

 Cumberland. 



Mr. McLachlan observed that with regard to Mr. Elwes's 

 remarks, he would point out that in a paper read by him 

 some three or four years ago, he touched on all the points he 

 raised. He quite agreed with him as to natural causes 

 playing the greater part, but he thought that over-collecting 

 might be " the last straw." 



Mr. Tutt stated that Apatura iris used to be common at 

 Chattenden, Kent, but it was now positively extinct. He had 



