110 Dr. Arthur G. Butler on 
he seems to reverse the order, telling us that he 
captured A. acrita in the dry season, and referring 
me to a paper of Mr, ‘rimen’s which distinctly sugyests 
that the slightly marked type (which, by the way, 1 
almost the same as A. pudorina) is the winter form of “he 
species captured by Mr. Marshall during the heavy rain ; 
and he says that, by quietly ignoring this, I have fallen 
into Oe error of confusing local with seasonal variation. 
If Mr. T'rimen’s insect were the wet-season form of Mr. 
Marshall’s, he would have followed my original course ; 
but what he has done is to confound seasonal and local 
forms. 
Admitting that A. pudorina is probably the extreme 
dry- (not wet-) season form of the species, the form 
described and figured by Mr. Trimen may occur with it 
as its wet-season form; whilst if A. acrita occurs (as in 
Nyasaland it undoubtedly does) with A. cheribula, the 
latter would be the wet-season, and A. acrita, as Mr. 
Marshall says, the dry-season form. 
From Nyasaland however we receive A. chexribula 
(wet-season), A. acrita (intermediate), and A. pudorina 
var., of Mr. ‘Trimen’s plate (dry-season), which shows that 
in dogmatizing respecting seasonal forms, locality must 
_ be taken into account. 
My decision respecting this species throughout its 
range remains as it was, allowing only for the substitution 
Ole dny 2 for “we b?; and Mr. Marshall’s assumption 
that, if I had been correct, he ought to have taken A. 
pudorina and not A. acrita in Mashunaland is based upon 
a confusion of ideas between local and seasonal forms. 
To put the matter briefly :—Ifin any part of Africa A. 
cheribula does not exist with A. acrita, the extreme wet- 
season form of the species is not developed in that region, 
and if A. pwdorina does not exist, the extreme dry-season 
development of the species is wanting, but this does not 
alter the fact that these intimately connected forms are 
all one species. ‘Their differences are all limited to the 
black apex of the primaries above; the borders of the 
secondaries vary too much in most species of Acrzxa to be 
relied on, and these variations are not limited either by 
season or locality. 
Respecting the seasonal forms of Precis (= Junonia) I 
have spoken elsewhere. They may be quite correct as 
regards Mashunaland; indeed I had already published 
