Structure of the Wings of Butterflies. 341 
Fam. Husrrriapz. While the general plan of the 
wing is identical with that of the Lyczenidz, all five radial 
veins are separate. The absorption manifested in the 
Blues has not been inaugurated. The cross-vein has 
disappear ed and left not only vein iv but also vein iv; ou 
the primaries isolated. On the hindwings vein iv: has 
degenerated in consequence to a scar, while iv, has pre- 
served its further existence by a fusion with the radius. 
Vein viii. of the primaries is strongly represented as a 
loop-like appendage at the base of vein vii. In the 
American family Megathymidee Comstock’s figures show 
a specialized Hesperian type in which vein ivz has 
assumed a cubital position, and would thus preserve its 
existence amid the disintegration of the median series. 
TABLE OF CHARACTERS. 
A. Vein ix. of the primaries present....PAPILIONIDES. 
1. Vein iv, of the primaries approximate to 
the: cubits) ces. ecco see ena nsec < PARNASSIIDE. 
Vein iv, springing from the radius ...... Parnassiine. 
Vein iv, springing from the cross-vein ... Thaidine. 
2. Vein iv, of the primaries central in position PAPILIONID®. 
B. Vein ix. of the primaries absent.... HESPERIADES. 
3. PIERIDZA. 
Vein ii, of the primaries leaving the 
radius within the cell .................. Pierine. 
Vein iii, leaving the radius without the 
Cell aeseasehes slo aiteaitecemcmeeseeetel <aelscs Leptidiine. 
4, NYMPHALID#. 
Vein ii. of the secondaries absorbed by 
the radius up to the point of issue of 1. Nymphaline, 
Vein ii. absorbed by the radius up to 
a point inferior to the issue of i....... Argynnine. 
5. AGAPETID. 
The cross-vein on the secondaries joining 
the cubitus........... stehecged coat cectewtest Parargine. 
The cross-vein on the secondaries joining 
VEN LV. .cceccecses se steemenee seasnecanattane Agapetine. 
6. LIMNADID. 
7. LIBYTHEID®. 
8. NEMEOBIID2:. 
9, RIODINID®. 
10. LYCANIDA. 
Vein iv, joining the radius...............6+. Thecline. 
Vein iv, joining the cross-vein ..........+ Lycanine. 
11. MEGATHYMID. 
12. HESPERIADA. 
Vein i. of the primaries wanting .., Pamphiline. 
Vein i. of the primaries present...... Hesperiine, 
