Life-listory of Phalacrocera replicata. 561 
The larva is terrestrial, feeding upon the leaves of 
Anemone nemorosa, Stellaria nemorum, ete. It attains 
a length of nearly an inch, and is narrow, depressed, 
tapering to each end, and of grass-green colour. There 
is a slight dorsal ridge, from which a row of short, 
backward-directed fleshy spines projects; one spine in 
each segment exceeds the rest in length. ‘here is a 
broad lateral margin, bearing very short processes. he 
tracheal tubes are externally visible in the hinder part 
of the body ; they open by conspicuous brown spiracles. 
The head can only be partially protruded. Zeller 
remarks that the orifice of protrusion is employed as a 
sucker. There are eight pairs of ventral prominences, 
like the’ pseudopods of caterpiilars, but without hooks, 
and one pair of longer, backward-directed processes, 
beneath the anus. The larva can hold on either by the 
head or the tail. The pupa fixes itself to stalks or leaves 
by the tail, which is still covered by the remains of the 
larval skin; it is flattened, greenish in colour, and 
provided with two short respiratory trumpets. ‘The 
occurrence of spines or processes (much shorter, indeed, 
than those of the Phalucrocera larva) in the terrestrial 
larva of Cylindrotona seems to indicate that these are not 
necessarily organs of aquatic respiration. A fuller descrip- 
tion of the structure and life-history of Cylindrotoma is 
much to be desired. 
The supposed larva of T'riogma (p. 364) resembles that 
of Phalacrocera in coloration, in the retractile head, and 
in the presence of numerous spines. Its appearance is 
strongly protective, and even when imprisoned in a 
collecting-box, it was not easily discovered. ‘The pupa 
was pale green, bore many spines on the abdomen, and 
according to De Rossi’s recollection, had two thread-like 
appendages on the prothorax. 
We have to acknowledge with hearty thanks the pains 
bestowed upon the plates by Mr. Hammond, who has, 
among other things, materially improved and corrected 
our drawings of the larval head.* 
* Since our paper was read there has appeared in the Lunds 
Universitets Arsskrift, XXXlll., an account of the larva of Phala- 
crocera, by Simon Bengtsson. The plates give useful information 
respecting the external features, the mouth-parts, and the skeleton 
of the head. Our ignorance of Swedish prevents us from making 
more than a superficial acquaintance with the text. 
