SO-t Mr. H. J. Ehvos on the, 



Alatau Mountains, and I am not sure whether I ought to 

 inchule all the species collected by Ruckbeil,some of which 

 were taken at Saisan in the upper Irtysch Valley. Most 

 of the species characteristic of the Central Asian fauna, 

 such as Parnassius adius, Anthocharis pyrothoe , Gulias thisoa, 

 (Ends tarpeia, and Satyrus heydcnrcichi, were only taken 

 by Kiudermann and Ruckbeil in the Irtysch Valley 

 and at Saisan ; and if they were excluded, my list would 

 show an even more decidedly European and Siberian 

 element than it does now. A large number of the species 

 I collected were only found in the valleys of the Bashkaus, 

 Tchulishman, and Ursul, and not in the high bare moun- 

 tains south of the Tcliuja Steppe, where I spent the most 

 of my time and collected most thoroughly. Here I only 

 took about thirty-six species, and as a list of tlie^e will be 

 interesting to show what the really high mountain butter- 

 flies are I will give it separately. 



The following occurred at 6500 feet, which is about 

 timber-line and upwards: — 



Puniassias deliiis, var. idpinn* Ar(ji/ii,niii aphirape. 



A P. eversuianni* A. selenis. 



Aporia crateegi. A. pales. 



Pier is chloridice. A.freija. 



P. chrysidice (seen once, not A.friyga, var. 



identified). A. dia, var. 



A Collas laelinos, var. (dpina* a Erebia keferstcini. 



A C. nastes, var. inoinjola* a E. manrisias. 



Lycxna aeyun. a E. pannenio, 



L. aryns. E. Lappona. 



L. pheretes. E. tyndarns. 



L. orhit\dns. A E. era. 



A L. argali. A CEneis mnlla'i* 



Vanessa urtiae. A (E. sculda. 



Melitsea idnna* <E. bore, var.* 



M. auriiiia, var. Coenonympha tiplwHy var. 



M. cinxia, var. Triphysa pkryne. 



M. aurelia, var. Hesperia centaurese. 

 A M. arcesia, var.* 



This small list is very interesting, as showing the 

 character of the high alpine fauna: eleven of the species 

 are non-European, fifteen are also found in Lapland, and 

 the same number in Amurland ; otdy nine in the Pamir, 

 so that the character of the fauna is essentially boreal 

 rather than Central Asiatic. 



* Those marked * were not taken elsewhere. Those marked a 

 do not occur in Euroiie. 



