310 Mr. H. J. Elwes 07i the 



species in the Amur region, the genus is poorly repre- 

 sented. FoliiomiiKitus are also scarce, I found none in the 

 higher mountains, and only three in the lower ground, 

 though Kindermann and Ruckbeil seem to have found 

 more in the Buchtarma district. Lyciena is well repre- 

 sented by thirty-four species, several of which, however, 

 seem scarce, and only seven are not European. This 

 compares well with the twenty-two species recorded fz'om 

 the Amur region, to which seventeen of the thirty-four 

 extend. In the Pamir region no fewer than fifty-five are 

 recorded, but only thirteen of these are common to the 

 Altai. 



NymplialidiB are poorly represented, Neptis lucilla and 

 Orapta c-album being the only common species except 

 Vanessa Argynnis and Melit^ea. In the latter genus we 

 have eleven, M. arccsia being the only non-European 

 species. A single species of Melanargia occurs but rarely, 

 and was not seen by me. Argynnis is very well represented 

 by twenty-two species. Of these oscarus and angarensis 

 alone are not found in Europe, and both of them seem 

 scarce or local ; but sclenis, which only extends west to 

 Kazan on the Volga, must be also considered Asiatic. 



A. (q)]iirape,ixilcs,freija, a,ndfrigga are all very abundant 

 typical northern species, none of which except 2mI€S were 

 found by Alpheraky in the Thianshan, or by Grum in 

 the Pamirs. Only nine Argynnis are recorded from the 

 former and seven fi'om the latter regions, whilst the 

 Amur region has twenty-two, fifteen of which are common 

 to the Altai. ErcMa is much better represented than I 

 expected to find it, no fewer than sixteen species being 

 recorded of which I got thirteen myself. E. mcchtsa 

 should certainly occur also, as it is found both east and 

 west of the Altai, but is not yet recorded. No fewer 

 than nine of these Erchias are not found in Europe, and a 

 tenth, afra, is a purely Asiatic type occurring in only one 

 locality in Europe. Of these sixteen species not one is 

 found either in the Thianshan or Pamir lists, and seven 

 only in the Amur list, which proves what I suggested in 

 my last revision of the genus, that the mountains of 

 Southern Siberia form a centre of distribution for this 

 genus only second to the Alps of Europe, and having no 

 connection at all with the mountain ranges of Turkestan. 

 E. hcfcrsteini, maarisins, theano, sedakovi, cyclopius, daba- 

 nensis, ero, edda, and parmenio are characteristic of this 



