Lepidoptera EJwpalocera of Trinidad. 161 



Papilio zeuxis. The series in the males presents con- 

 siderable variation, and several males would be called 

 Papilio alyattes. Felder's description of $ alyattes is 

 however not in accordance with any of the $ $ bred, and 

 Felder's alyattes came from Venezuela, but it is a question 

 if Felder's ^ alyattes is not a $ of something else, or at 

 any rate not the $ of what he named alyattes $. 



There is still a very difficult question that I hope my 

 friend Mr. Urich will try and clear up by breeding, i. e. the 

 Heliconius melpomcnc question. Riffarth's monograph on 

 the genus Heliconius would make out that there are at 

 least three of these red and black Heliconius species — 

 H. hydara, H. euyrades, and H. melpomene, with probably H. 

 vic'ulata added. For want of more material I have not 

 been able to see how far this coincides with the evidence 

 of the genitalia. 



There are other questions the solution of which are not 

 yet certain. In the Lycsenidse Tmohis heon, Tmohts 

 isoheon, and Tmolus bactra offer considerable material for 

 study. Have we here three or one species ? or are these 

 different geographical forms of the same species ? and is 

 this a parallel case to Zycorea ceres and Lycorea atcrgatis? 

 Such questions as these can only be proved by breeding 

 from the egg. I must confess that I was inclined to dis- 

 agree with Godman and Salvinin calling them all the same 

 species, namely heo7i, as they do in the " Biologia Centrali 

 Americana," but their long series includes so many forms, 

 that it looks as if there was but one very variable species. 

 Beon from British Guiana is very constant and rather 

 different from any form in Trinidad. In the Appendix 

 by Mr. J. Guppy will be found some interesting notes on 

 the life histories of several species, especially so are those 

 on the Erycinids, Theope endocia and Nymphidi^tm molpe. 

 It is very possible that many Erycinids have the same 

 habit of living on friendly terms with different species of 

 ants, as, if the reverse were the case, doubtless some species 

 would be in danger of extermination, and be outnumbered 

 by the ants. 



To Mr. F. A. Heron, at the South Kensington Museum, 

 I have to tender my very best thanks for help in many 

 ways, besides those resident entomologists abroad who 

 have been already mentioned. To Mr. F. Du Cane Godman 

 I am indebted for access to his superb collection and for 

 personal help in naming the more obscure species. 



