Papilio cenca and Hyiiolimnas misippiis. 679 



larvse are invariably found on the lower parts of the 

 plant, as near to the ground as possible. They are fairly 

 easy to detect in the chocolate and white stages, but in 

 the last they are the hardest larvae to find of any with 

 which I am acquainted. The method which I have found 

 to be the best is to knock the plant with the hand, when 

 the disturbed larvae evert their crimson prothoracic scent- 

 glands. They are then either seen or their presence is 

 revealed by the smell. The pupae are even harder to find 

 than the larvae. 



My experience with the rare to^opJionms form, mimicking 

 Limnas chrysippus, is somewhat limited, but I have 

 succeeded in breeding four examples from captured wild 

 larvse. I have observed that its pupae are quite different 

 in colour from those of the other forms. With this 

 exception, the pupas of all the varieties of ecnea are 

 simply green, and do not vary in appearance, like those of 

 many of the Papilioninai. The pupa of the trophonius 

 form of female was at once distinguished, in the examples 

 which have come under my notice, by a number of brown 

 lateral markings. Of course I am not referring to the 

 usual changes before emergence, when the pattern of the 

 wing can be recognized beneath the thin pupal cuticle, 

 and when, in the case of cenca, the male can be easily 

 distinguished from the female. 



II. The Syncpigonic Group hrcd in 1902 from a p>air of 

 Papilio cenea (cenea form of female). 



It has been already stated that 27 females and 18 

 males were bred from the parents represented on Plate 

 XXXI, Figs. 1 and 2. 



A. The Female Offspring. 



Not a single example of the brown trophonius form, 

 mimetic of Limnas chrysippus, appeared among the 27 

 females, but three were of the hip'pocoonoidcs form (two of 

 these are represented in Plate XXXI, Figs. 7 and 8) mimick- 

 ing Amauris dominicanus. All the rest were the cenea 

 form (four of these are represented in Plate XXXI, Figs. 

 3-6) mimicking Amauris echeria. Of the cenea forms 

 three possessed buff-coloured spots on the fore- wing ; 

 while probably the whole of the remaining specimens, 21 

 in number, were the variety which is commonest in Natal, 

 and possesses white spots on the fore-wing, mimicking 



