118 Mr. G. A. K. Marshall on Diaposematism, loith reference 



from it and only the round spot above the cell is left. 

 Here, at least, it is clear that, so far as concerns the brown 

 patch, it is not the P(qnlio which has influenced the 

 Planema, but vice versa. 



A final point may be noticed. On the West Coast tlie 

 genus Planema attains its greatest development and 

 the echeria type of A'nia2tris is absent; the mimetic 

 zenohia Papilios therefore all mimic Planema. In East 

 and South Africa where A. echeria and alhimaculata occur 

 with Planema, the Papilios have abandonel the latter and 

 mimic the Aviauris; the reason being, no doubt, that the 

 Aiiianrit^ are much less particular as to the stations which 

 they frequent and are to be found commonly flying right 

 in the shady forests where the Papilios live. The facts 

 appear to fully support Mr. Trimen's view that with these 

 Papilios the earlier tendency Avas to mimic Planema and 

 that they have later been diverted towards Avumris (cf. 

 Trans. Ent. Soc. 1902, p. 488). 



VI. The suggested dicvposcmatic resemhlance hehveen the two 

 Eastern Pierines Huphina corva ctnd Ixias baliensis, $. 



This suggestion was made by Dr. Dixey in a short paper 

 in Trans. Ent. Soc. 1906 (p. 521, PL XXXI). He there 

 calls attention to the fact that 11. ncrissa corva differs from 

 the typical nerissa of Continental India in the greater 

 width of the black border on the hind-wings. This it is 

 suggested is a mimetic approach towards the $ of Ixias 

 halicnsis, which is only a slight local modification of 

 J. reimoardtii. But so far as concerns the fore-wings, 

 /. hcdicnsis has departed from the normal colouring of 

 $ Ixias by the development of a row of four whitish sub- 

 marginal spots in the apical black area. In this case it 

 is claimed that the Idas has mimicked the Huphina, so 

 that there has been a reciprocal mimetic interchange. 



This interpretation involves the assumption of unpalat- 

 ability in both the species. My friends, Colonel C T. 

 Bingham, Colonel N. Manders and Mr. R. Shelford, who 

 are all acquainted with both genera in the field, inform 

 me that while the Huphinas certainly exhibit a slow flight 

 and a general demeanour which would suggest the posses- 

 sion of unpleasant qualities, such is by no means the case 

 with the species of Zm/s, which are active and wary insects. 

 This fact, taken in conjunction with the obviously procryptic 



