488 Prof. E. B. Poulton on Species of Limenitis. 



6. The three mimicking species of Fapilio — troilus, 

 asterius (female), and glaucv.s (female f.) — exhibit second- 

 ary mimicry of one another. 



7. Secondary mimicry of these three Papilios has led 

 to the evolution of Limenitis astyanax from L. artliemis 

 at so recent a date that the two forms occasionally inter- 

 breed where they meet. 



8. The female of Argynnis diana has been modified 

 into a tertiary mimic of L. astyancix. 



B. The Western Section of North America. 



9. An ancestral northern Nymphaline butterfly belong- 

 ing to the heterogeneous group "Limenitis" penetrated 

 the area of the dominant Neotropical genus Adelpha and 

 gained a superficial resemblance to its much-mimicked 

 pattern. 



10. The influence of Adclplia spread far beyond the 

 range of the models into the northern subspecies califor- 

 nica, which in turn influenced, and has probably itself 

 been reciprocally influenced by, L. lorqtoini, in California 

 and Oregon. 



11. The influence of calif ornica upon lorquini spreads 

 northward, with diminishing effect, beyond the range of 

 the model, into British Columbia and Vancouver's Island. 



12. Some of the ancestral features of lorquini are pre- 

 served in the non-mimetic species wcidemeycri. 



Note. — A further study of the larvse of Danaithv tends 

 to throw doubt upon the validity of Anosia as a distinct 

 genus. Two pairs of filaments are borne by the larva of 

 2')lcxipiyns and of ye/intia, probably its nearest ally in the 

 Old World : three pairs are similarly characteristic of 

 hcrcnice and its probable representative, vhrysippus. 



Dr. Jordan, who has examined the male genitalia, kindly 

 informs me that chrysipjms and hcrcnice are of the same 

 type, while gcnutin and lilcxippns are of a second type. 

 He agrees that j^lr.vijpvs cannot be generically separated 

 from the other brown Danaines. E. B. Poulton, Dec. 16, 

 1908. 



Explanation of Plate XXV. 



[See Explanation facing the Plate.] 



