514 Rev. K. St. Aiibyn Rogers' Bionomio Notes on 



(Plate XXIX, fig. 4), however, in which the bar is much 

 wider and the white spots in the fore-wing much larger, 

 are distinct members of the combination, with a strong 

 secondary approach towards the 2^'^'oteina, Oberth., form 

 of Acriea johnatotii. The E. males (Plate XXIX, fig. 1) 

 resemble these two W. females in both size of spots and 

 breadth of the ochreous bar, so that they too are well- 

 marked members of the association. The single E. female 

 (from Weithaga) is developed still further in the same 

 direction (Plate XXIX, fig. 2), being as far in advance of 

 the E. females as these are beyond their own males. 



It is probable that Neptis woodioardi has been deve- 

 loped from a form resembling N. incongrua. As regards 

 the reduction of the spots in the fore-wing and the loss of 

 the fifth spot the W. males are more specialised than the 

 E. As regards the development of an ochreous patch out 

 of a narrow band the E. males and especially the female 

 are the more specialised. In N. incongrua the numerous 

 white spots form an irregular bar across the fore-wing. By 

 the loss of certain spots the bar-like appearance disappears 

 in N. woodwardi, while just those elements are retained 

 which bring about the mimetic resemblance to Acriea 

 juhnstoni. In the same manner the narrow white bar 

 crossing the hind-wing of incongrua is withdrawn towards 

 the base, broadened, and transformed into ochreous in 

 woodivardi, — all of which changes are in the directions of 

 the Acra^ine secondary and Danaine primary models. The 

 hind-wing bar of looodiuardi from both E. and W. of the 

 Rift Valley occasionally retains more or less of the white 

 ground of incongrua. In such examples the costal end of 

 the bar is generally tinged with ochreous. E. B. P. 



3. Acrieine Mimics. 



The resemblance of the po'oteina, Jlavescens, and fallax 

 (= kilimandjara, Oberth.) forms of A. johnstoni to the 

 eclieria-alhimaculata models was described and figured by 

 Professor Poulton in 1906,* together with the likeness of 

 the forms fnlvescens, Oberth., and scmifidvcscens, to very 

 different Danaine and Acrseine models. The mimicry of 

 Atnauris echeria by the commonest forms of A. johnstoni, 

 viz. proteina and Jlavescens, had been suggested by the 

 same naturalist as early as 1897. f His 1906 memoir 



* Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1906, pp. 299-311, Plates XXI, XXII. 

 t Eeport British Association, Toronto, 1897, pp. G88-691. 



