Production of Mimetic Resemblances among Butterflies. 377 



birds ai"e fed on Golias philodice and Pieris oleracea: 

 Gentry, I. c. ii, p. 33. — (b) Observed to catch Pieris 

 rapac: W. Dearden, quoted by Packard, " Proc. Am. 

 Phil. Soc," 1904, p. 401 (U.S.A.).— (c) "Last summer 

 a pair of King-birds built their nest on a low limb of 

 a tree close to our door. They consumed and fed to 

 their young a great many butterflies, especially the 

 Rape butterfly " : Mrs. Mary Treat, quoted by Packard, 

 I. c. p. 403. — {d) " Fyles states that he once lost a 

 specimen [of Oeneis jutta (Arctic Satyr)] through a 

 King-bird {Tyrannns tyranmts) which 'gave chase to 

 the butterfly, and after much doubling and twisting, 

 caught it and disposed of it effectually ' " : S. H. 

 Scudder, " Butt, of E. Un. St. and Canada," i, p. 155. — 

 {e) " On Center Island in the town of Oyster Bay 

 [U.S.A.], in August 1902, 1 saw a King-bird {Tyrannus 

 tyrannus) chase a Golias. I stood still and watched 

 it for nearly a minute. It seemed to have great 

 difficulty in getting the insect, and I could hear the 

 beaks snap in the air in their unsuccessful attempts 

 to close upon the insect. The persistence of the bird 

 and the difficulty of . the operation of catching the 

 butterfly impressed me very much at the time " : 

 Prof. C. B. Davenport (letter dated 8, ii, 1909).— 

 (/) " Summer before last I saw at a distance a bird, 

 I think it was a King-bird but could not make out 

 certainly, chasing one of the Pieridae, either a Golias 

 or a Pieris, in the valley near the Laboratory [Long 

 Island, New York]. These are all the cases I have 

 in mind, but I have gained the impression that the 

 thing was so common as not to deserve more careful 

 noting " : Prof. C. B. Davenport (ibid.). 



33. Myiarehus crinitus, L. (Crested Flycatcher), (a) Butter- 



flies found in the stomach of one specimen : Dr. B. H. 

 Warren, "Birds of Pennsylvania," p. 191. — (b) Ob- 

 served to eat Golias 2'>^i'il'0dice, Pieris oleracea. and 

 Lycaenidae ; from direct observation it was noted that 

 *' hosts of Lepidoptera, both larvae and imagoes, are 

 devoured " : Gentry, /. c. ii, p. 40. 



34. Empidias fuscus, Gm. (Pewee). (a) The young are 



fed on Golias philodice and Lycaenidae : Gentry, /. c. 

 ii, p. 52. — (b) Observed to catch Pieris rapae, or a 

 similar species: F. P. Drowne, quoted by Packard, " Pr. 

 Am. Phil. Soc," 1904, p. 401 (Virginia). — (c) Observed 

 TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1909. — PART III. (SEPT.) CC 



