( be) 
full of fluid) should be endowed with power of movement, 
so I watched for this very carefully. I saw no signs of it in 
any case. The skin is withdrawn from the head and thorax 
in the invariable manner, and the appendages are simply 
drawn into their symmetrical position by the passage of the 
larval skin towards the abdomen—being as helpless and 
flaccid as usual. 
“ As regards the cephalic tubercles, in all my pupae they 
were far too short to extend to the level of the silken thread 
(which before pupation girdles the body between the 2nd and 
3rd abd. segments, but as soon as the larval skin has been 
withdrawn beyond it is shifted forwards by adroit movements 
so as to lie between thorax and abdomen of the pupa); the only 
movement which they underwent was rotation through half a 
circle being at first flexed on the ventral aspect of the head, and 
later on assuming a position in a line with the long axis of the 
body. As was the case with the much longer processes of 
the pupae of Pseudacraea eurytus, previously described, the 
straightening out of these processes seems to be caused by 
the pumping into them of fluid. 
‘* The pupae begin to show colour 24 hours before emergence 
of theimago. In the case of the male, a peripheral black rim 
surrounds the wing, and the pale apical dot soon becomes 
marked out. 
‘In the case of the planemordes ? the first part to become 
dark is the future orange band on the fore-wing; this at 
first shows black, then becomes gradually orange, while the 
rest of the wing area becomes black. 
‘‘ The darkening in the case of hippocoon ? is very interesting. 
At the very commencement, when the dark areas are only 
just beginning to define themselves, the condition is very 
similar to that of the male. There isa dark peripheral border 
to the costal and hind margins, but along the course of 
the latter is a single large indentation. This marks the site 
of the future large subapical white patch. By degrees the 
black seems to invade the rest of the white area, cutting off 
the apical from the basal white areas, as indicated by the 
dotted lines in the diagram. I wonder if this ontogeny re- 
capitulates, as it were, the phylogeny, showing how hippocoon 
