( ca ) 
found in blue species, I have found them in entirely brown 
species and they are present in all the wings upper and lower. 
In the secondaries the costa and also the inner margin are 
fringed with whitish long hair-like scales quite similar to those 
on the inner margin of the primaries, the costal and sub- 
costal areas are clothed with brown scales similar to those 
on the veins of the primaries but with an admixture of an 
oblong scale having an evenly rounded apex, between the 
costal vein and the cell the space is occupied by an upper layer 
of short very broad scales of even width, except at the base 
which is rapidly rounded off, they have the same method and 
pattern of attachment as in the primaries but the apices are 
quinque- and sexa-dentate with a very irregular dentature, 
among these will be found some of the same pattern but a 
quarter longer, the lower layer are longish scales of moderately 
even width or very slightly tapering with quadri- and quinque- 
dentate apices, among them however a few with an even apex 
having no dentature at all obtain. In the cell some of the 
brown scales just described are present, but the blue ones 
begin to predominate and are different, being of a bell-like 
shape, of moderate length, very broad, slowly tapering to the 
apex which is uneven but not dentate; the rest of the wing 
is clothed with similar scales some of which have a quite even 
apex, and with an admixture of the brown scales also. At 
the inner margin the longish brown scales again predominate 
as also in the terminal area, the fringes are quite similar to 
those in the primaries but with modified apices being only 
bi- or tri-serrate, with only a few quadriserrate; the serrations 
are however of the same deeply cleft and fine pattern as in 
the fore wings, the ‘“‘ blasenschuppen”’ are less abundant in 
the secondaries than in the primaries but of the same shape 
and structure. 
In Plebieus sieversivi from the Caspian region the abundant 
blue scales in the subcostal area are of moderate length and 
width, tapering slightly distally, the apex being deeply den- 
tate; in the other areas they are roughly spatulate, but the 
apices are mixed, either scalloped or quite evenly arched, 
and occasionally waved, these all-appear to be mixed indis- 
criminately. The thick hair-like scale is finely ribbed and very 
