342 Dr. T. A. Chapman's Further Notes on 



miicli longer, probably till period of evening flight in most 

 cases. 



Phalera Inicephah. The resting attitude in most Noto- 

 donts is the normal one with the wings in pent-house 

 position. In hueephala this is, one may say, exaggerated, 

 so that the wings curl round the body in such a way that 

 the costae of the fore-wings approach each other beneath 

 the insect, and the apices are never more than a few milli- 

 metres apart, and may touch if the object on which the 

 moth rests permits or favours this. 



The wings expand to a position in which their surfaces 

 form a flat arch over the dorsum, then they are thrown back 

 in the usual way into butterfly attitude. They remain so, 

 drying, for half an hour, and are then deflexed to about 

 the arched position to which they expanded, the surfaces 

 of the fore-wino's being at an angle of about 110°, the inner 

 margins in contact and the apices 25 mm. apart. In about 

 an hour the angle of the wing surfaces to each other is 90°, 

 and the apices are only 16 mm. apart. The wings have 

 already a Uttle curvature. In another hour the tips are 

 only 9 mm. apart, and in successive hours they are noted as 

 6 mm., 4 mm. and 3 mm. apart. Three hours more they 

 are observed to be touching; this movement, from the 

 rather flat . pent-house position, to that of the wings being 

 so curled round the body, is gradual, with no actual move- 

 ment observed at any time, and would appear to depend 

 on the gradual acquirement by certain wing nniscles of 

 the necessary tonicity. 



H . abruptnria emerges in the afternoon about 4 or 5p.m. 

 A specimen kept the wings in ordinary Geometer position 

 (triangular) from 5.30 to 7.30, though disturbed once about 

 the middle of this period. Ten minutes later (7.40 p.m.) 

 it had assumed the ordiiiary resting attitude of the species 

 with the fore-wings advanced. 



T. consonaria emerges about 4 p.m. An hour later the 

 wings are expanded and the butterfly attitude taken, and 

 in another half-hour they are deflexed to the ordinary 

 triangular Geometer resliiig position, which is maintained 

 for at least two hours and probably as a rule till the time 

 of flight, but on earlier disturbance the usual resting posi- 

 tion with advanced fore-wings is assumed on resting again. 

 I did not ascertain after how short a peiiod in the triangular 

 position this would occur. 



In Tephrockfsfis isogramviala the wings were maintained 



