( liii ) 



being " brighter," this is as it should be according to Darwin. 

 In P. simana the ? is oJPa duller white, and there is a small 

 extra patch of dark tint on the f.w., in which also the black 

 veins are less conspicuous than in the <?. I have found in 

 one case the ? supporting the c?. With Belenois, however, 

 there is a very marked difference between c? and ?, though 

 it is a Question whether the ? is " brighter " than the cJ- 

 However, the relative difference is of the same type as in 

 the English whites. Now I see by notes of Dr. Dixey in 

 Proc. Ent. Soc, March 17, 1915, p. 36, that he got 3 English 

 Pieris, (J all supporting ?, although as regards Satyrines his 

 6 observations all agree with what Darwin says. This seems 

 curious. Was Darwin misinformed ? I suggest that it would 

 be a good thing to bring this point before the Ent. Soc. next 

 spring, asking Fellows to send Pierines caught in cop. to the 

 Hope Dept., clearly marking which sex supports which. For 

 here is an opportunity for those who cannot get abroad, to 

 work at a point of interest to Darwinists. We should in this 

 way be able to get ample evidence. Of course notes on all 

 species (but particularly Satyrines and Pierines) would be 

 valuable. 



" ' I may say that from what I have seen of the courtship 

 of Belenois, the $ is 7iot the most active partner. After a good 

 deal of fluttering about one sees a $ settle on the ground 

 with wings half or almost fully expanded, and the (S stands 

 behind or a little above in a state of frantic excitement, and 

 vigorously scrapes or paws the upper surface of the wings of 

 the ? with his fore-Hmbs ( ? first or second pair, I am not sure 

 of this). I witnessed yesterday the actual union of a pair of 

 P. simana. The ? settled on the ground between some grass 

 blades quite quietly, with wings closed; the <$ stood on a 

 grass stem with wings widely expanded over the ?, so that I 

 could not see her. The union was effected very quickly, and 

 the (J flew off carrying the passive ?. Unfortunately, owing 

 to a gusty wind, I failed to catch this couple.' 



" By the kindness of Prof. Poulton I am able to exhibit 

 the actual specimens sent home by Dr. Carpenter ; the species 

 are as follows : Teracolus casta, Gerst., 3 pairs ; Herpaenia 

 eriphia, Godt., 1 pair; Pinacopteryx simana, Hopff., 5 pairs; 



